Animal tissues

Question 1

Type of tissue

Answer 1

Cuboidal epithelial tissue

Question 2

Type of tissue

Answer 2

Squamous epithelial tissue

Question 3

Type of tissue

Answer 3

Columnar epithelial tissue

Question 4

Type of tissue

Answer 4

Ciliated epithelial tissue

Question 5

Type of tissue

Answer 5

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 6

Type of tissue

Answer 6

Smooth muscle tissue

Question 7

Type of tissue

Answer 7

Cardiac muscle tissue

Question 8

Type of tissue

Answer 8

Striated skeletal muscle

Question 9

Type of tissue

Answer 9

Hyaline cartilage (connective)

Question 10

Type of tissue

Answer 10

Areolar connective tissue

Question 11

Type of tissue

Answer 11

Compact bone tissue

Question 12

Type of tissue

Answer 12

Spongy bone tissue

Question 13

Type of tissue

Answer 13

nerve tissue

Question 14

Types of epithelial tissue

Answer 14

• Squamous
• Cuboidal
• Columnar
• Ciliated
• Stratified (of different types)

Question 15

Function of squamous epithelium

Answer 15

• Protects underlying tissue
• Permeable to gases and liquids
• revents friction

Question 16

Function of ciliated epithelium tissue

Answer 16

• Dust trapped in mucus
• Cilia move and expell mucus
• Helps detect stimuli in sense organs
• Cilia move ensuring ovum moves in fallopian tubes

Question 17

Cells that secrete mucus in epithelial tissue

Answer 17

Goblet cells

Question 18

Types of connective tissue

Answer 18

• Areolar connective tissue
• Dense connective tissue
• Cartilage
• Bone
• Blood

Question 19

Structure of areolar connective tissue

Answer 19

• Matrix jelly like
• Yellow elastic fibres
• White inelastic collagen fibres
• Fibroblast cells, leucocutes and fat cells

Question 20

Functions of areolar connective tissue

Answer 20

• Insulating
• protects organs
• stores fat (adipose/fat tissue)

Question 21

Types of dense connective tissue

Answer 21

Tendons

Ligaments

Question 22

Structure of tendons

Answer 22

Lots of white, inelastic fibres

Question 23

Structure of ligament tissue

Answer 23

Lots of yellow, elastic fibres

Question 24

Structure of cartilage tissue

Answer 24

• Rubbery matrix
• Fluid filled spaces called lacunae
• Cartilage cells called chondrocytes in the lacunae
• Cartilage tisue enclosed by fibrous membrane called the perichondrium

Question 25

Functions of cartilage

Answer 25

* Connects bones * Forms deep joint cavities to prevent dislocation * Shock absorber between bones * Prevents friction in joints * Keeps trachea and other airways open * Forms flexible permanent structures like the ear and nose

Question 26

Central canals found in bone tissue

Answer 26

Haversian canals

Question 27

Matrix composition of bone tissue

Answer 27

Calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate

Question 28

Contained in the haversian canals of bone

Answer 28

* Blood vessels * nerves * lymphatic vessels

Question 29

Concentric layers of bone around a haversian canal

Answer 29

Lamellae

Question 30

Fluid filled spaces in the lamellae of bone

Answer 30

lacunae

Question 31

Bone cells in the lacunae are called?

Answer 31

Osteocytes

Question 32

Small canals connecting the lacunae and diffeent lamellae

Answer 32

Canaliculi

Question 33

Fibrous membrane enclosing the bone tissue

Answer 33

Periosteum

Question 34

Functions of bone tissue

Answer 34

* **Supporting** framework giving shape and rigidity * **Protects** delicate organs * Place of attachment for muscles for **movement** * **Blood corpuscles** manufactured in bone marrow * **Mineral storage** (calcium) in bone tissue

Question 35

Matrix of blood tissue

Answer 35

Blood plasma

Question 36

Location of blood tissue

Answer 36

Arteries, capillary vessels and veins

Question 37

Types of blood cells

Answer 37

* Erythrocytes (Red blood corpuscles) * Leucocytes (White blood cells) * Thrombocytes (Blood platelets)

Question 38

Main functions of blood tissue

Answer 38

* Transport nutrients and wastes * White blood cells for the immune system

Question 39

Functions of blood plasma

Answer 39

* Transports nutrients and wastes * Helps to regulate body temperature * Transports hormones to target organs * Plasma proteins help to clot blood when required

Question 40

Functions of erythrocyes (red blood corpuscles)

Answer 40

* Transport oxygen * Transport carbon dioxide

Question 41

Effect of atmospheric pressure on red blood cells

Answer 41

* As pressure is decreased, the body produces more red blood cells * This helps the person get enough oxygen from oxygen depleted air * This occurs at higher altitudes

Question 42

Functions of white blood cells

Answer 42

* Engulf pathogens and foreign substances to prevent infection * Produce antibodies that destroy bacteria and viruses

Question 43

Function of thrombocytes (blood platelets)

Answer 43

Play a role in blood clotting in damaged blood vessels

Question 44

Types of muscle tissue

Answer 44

* Striated muscle * Smooth muscle * Cardiac muscle

Question 45

Location of striated muscle

Answer 45

Attaches to bone for movement of the skeleton (skeletal muscle)

Question 46

Muscle cells are called?

Answer 46

Muscle fibres

Question 47

Structure of a muscle fibre

Answer 47

* Sarcolemma (outer membrane) * Sarcoplasm (cytoplasm) * Many oval nuclei * Many mitochondria * Thousands of myofibrils

Question 48

Function of striated muscle tissue

Answer 48

* Voluntary contractions and relaxations * coordinated body movement

Question 49

Location of smooth muscle tissue

Answer 49

* Walls of alimentary canal, bladder, blood vessels and uterus * Not attached to bone

Question 50

Structure of smooth muscle tissue

Answer 50

* Spindle shaped cells * One oval nucleus * Sarcoplasm (cytoplasm) * Cell membrane (sarcolemma)

Question 51

Function of smooth muscle tissue

Answer 51

* Involuntary contraction and relaxation for slow rhythmic movements * E.g. peristalsis, regulates blood blow in capillaries