Apes

Question 1

chimps and humans relationship

• DNA
• brain size

Answer 1

• only differ in 1% of DNA

- volume of chimp brain is 3x smaller than human brain

Question 2

How humans evolved from apes

Answer 2

• ape-like form stood up and began to walk
• pelvis changed
• brain size was more like chimp
• over last 1 mill to 2 mill yrs, brain expanded–>humans (genetic mutations)

Question 3

flores people**

Answer 3

• small humans in indonesia
• first humans
• hobbit

Question 4

classification

Answer 4

Suborder: Anthropoidea
Superfamily: Hominoidea
Family: Hylobitidae (gibbons and siamangs)
Family: Dongidae (chim, gorilla, orangutan)
Family: Hominidae (humans)
     Genus: Gorilla
     Genus: Pan
     Genus: Homo

Question 5

level of differentiation between humans and chimps

Answer 5

• humans are split at the genus level from gorilla and chimp

- chimps and gorillas are more related to us than any are related to monkeys

Question 6

characteristics of Apes

Answer 6

• intelligent
• big brained
• large
• sexually dimorphic (except gibbon)
• arboreal bipedalism (brachiation, forelimb suspension)
• knuckle walking (chimp and gorilla)
• no tail
• long reproductive intervals (non-seasonal)

Question 7

Gibbons

Answer 7

• monogamous**
• swing arm-to-arm
• fruit and leaves
• many types
• less sexual dimorphism in size

Question 8

Siamang

Answer 8

larger gibbon

Question 9

orangutan

Answer 9

• scientific name: pongo pygmaeus; pongo abeilli
• “old man of the forest”
• first great ape to split from the lineage
• fruit eater
• less social
• sexual dimorphic (highly)
• inter-birth interval of 5-6 years

Question 10

pongo pygmaeus morio

Answer 10

black variety of orangutan

Question 11

Gorilla

Answer 11

• tribe of hairy women
• vegetarians
• nice
• older male leader - silver backed gray hair
• male has bigger jaws than females
• terrestrial, knuckle walker during the day while foraging; can go into trees to sleep at night

Question 12

low land gorilla - scientific name

Answer 12

gorilla gorilla

Question 13

mountain gorilla - scientific name

Answer 13

gorilla barengei

Question 14

Chimpanzee

Answer 14

• man
• toolmaker
• 2 types: common chimp and bonobo
• cooperative hunting for food
• intercommunity aggression (warfare between the communities)
• friendly social animals; enduring relationship with mother