AWS-Module 5: Storage & Databases

Question 1

What is Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS)?

Answer 1

An EBS is a virtual hard Drive that you can attach to your EC2 instance

Question 2

With ______ you define the size, type and configurations of the volume you need. Provision the volume, and then attach it to your EC2 instance. From there, you can configure your application to write to the volume and you’re good to go. If you stop and then start the EC2 instance, the data in the volume remains

Answer 2

EBS

Question 3

EBS allows you to take incremental backups of your data called ________

Answer 3

snapshots

Question 4

It’s very important that you take regular ________ of your EBS volumes. This way, if a drive ever becomes corrupted, you haven’t lost your data. And you can restore that data from a ___________

Answer 4

snapshots

Question 5

____________ are different from full backups, in which all the data in a storage volume copies each time a backup occurs. The full backup includes data that has not changed since the most recent backup.

Answer 5

Incremental backups

Question 6

What is an instance store?

Answer 6

An instance store is disk storage that is physically attached to the host computer for an EC2 instance, and therefore has the same lifespan as the instance. When the instance is terminated, you lose any data in the instance store.

Question 7

EC2 instances are virtual servers. If you start an instance from a stopped state, the instance might start on another host, where the previously used _______ volume does not exist. Therefore, AWS recommends _________ for use cases that involve temporary data that you do not need in the long term.

Answer 7

instance stores

Question 8

What is Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)?

Answer 8

it’s a data store that allows you to store and retrieve a virtually unlimited amount of data at any scale

Question 9

Amazon S3 stores data as objects in __________.

Answer 9

buckets

Question 10

The maximum file size for an object in Amazon S3 is ________.

Answer 10

5 TB

Question 11

Data is stored as objects, but instead of storing them in a file directory, you store them in what we call __________

Answer 11

buckets

Question 12

What are the different Amazon S3 storage classes?

Answer 12

• S3 Standard
• S3 Standard-infrequent access (S3 Standard- IA)
• S3 One zone -Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA)
• S3 Intelligent-Tiering
• S3 Glacier Instant retrieval
• S3 Glacier Flexible retrieval
• S3 Glacier deep archive
• S3 Outposts

Question 13

What is S3 Standard best for?

Answer 13

• Designed for frequently accessed data
• Stores data in a minimum of three availability zones

Question 14

What is S3 Standard- Infrequent Access ( S3 Standard- IA) best for?

Answer 14

• Ideal for infrequently accessed data
• Similar to Amazon S3 standard but has a lower storage price and higher retrieval price

Question 15

What is S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One-Zone - IA) best for?

Answer 15

• Stores data in a single availability zone
• Has a lower storage price than Amazon S3 Standard - IA

Question 16

What is S3 Intelligent- Tiering best for?

Answer 16

• Ideal for data with unknown or changing access patterns
• Requires a small monthly monitoring and automation fee per object

Question 17

What is S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval best for?

Answer 17

• Works well for archived data that required immediate access
• Can retrieve objects within a few milliseconds

Question 18

What is S3 Glacier flexible retrieval best for?

Answer 18

• Low cost storage designed for data archiving
• Able to retrieve objects within a few minutes to hours

Question 19

What is S3 Glacier Deep Archive best for?

Answer 19

• Lowest cost object storage class ideal for archiving
• Able to retrieve objects within 12 hours

Question 20

What is S3 Outposts best for?

Answer 20

• Creates S3 buckets to Amazon S3 Outposts
• Makes it easier to retrieve, store, and access data on AWS outposts

Question 21

____________ and comes with 11 nines of durability. That means an object stored in ____________ has a 99.999999999 percent probability that it will remain intact after a period of 1 year.

Answer 21

S3 Standard

Question 22

____________ is static website hosting, where a static website is a collection of HTML files and each file is akin to a physical page of the actual site. You can do this by simply uploading all your HTML, static web assets, and so forth into a bucket and then checking a box to host it as a static website. You can then enter the bucket’s URL and bam! Instant website.

Answer 22

Amazon S3

Question 23

What is S3 Standard-Infrequent Access or S3 Standard-IA?

Answer 23

It’s used for data that is accessed less frequently but requires rapid access when needed. This means it’s a perfect place to store backups, disaster recovery files, or any object that requires long-term storage.

Question 24

_______________ is used when you we need to retain data for several years for auditing purposes. And we don’t need it to be retrieved very rapidly

Answer 24

S3 Glacier Flexible Retrieval

Question 25

_____________- are policies you can create that can move data automatically between tiers

Answer 25

Lifecycle policies

Question 26

In ____________ each object consists of data, metadata, and a key

Answer 26

object storage The data might be an image, video, text document, or any other type of file. Metadata contains information about what the data is, how it is used, the object size, and so on. An object’s key is its unique identifier.

Question 27

when you modify a file in ___________, only the pieces that are changed are updated. When a file in __________ is modified, the entire object is updated.

Answer 27

block storage, object storage

Question 28

What are the two factors you should consider when selecting a Amazon S3 storage class?

Answer 28

1. How often you plan to retrieve your data 2. How available you need your data to be

Question 29

What is Amazon elastic file system (EFS)

Answer 29

Its a managed file system

Question 30

With _______, you can keep existing file systems in place but let AWS do all the heavy lifting of the scaling and the replication. ________ allows you to have multiple instances accessing the data in ______ at the same time. It scales up and down as needed without you needing to do anything to make that scaling happen

Answer 30

EFS

Question 31

________ is a scalable file system used with AWS Cloud services and on-premises resources. As you add and remove files, Amazon _____ grows and shrinks automatically. It can scale on demand to petabytes without disrupting applications

Answer 31

EFS

Question 32

_________ volumes attach to EC2 instances and are an Availability Zone-level resource. In order to attach EC2 to _______, you need to be in the same AZ. You can save files on it. You can also run a database on top of it. Or store applications on it. It's a hard drive. If you provision a two terabyte _____ volume and fill it up, it doesn't automatically scale to give you more storage

Answer 32

Amazon EBS

Question 33

In __________, multiple clients (such as users, applications, servers, and so on) can access data that is stored in shared file folders. In this approach, a storage server uses block storage with a local file system to organize files. Clients access data through file paths.

Answer 33

file storage

Question 34

Compared to block storage and object storage, __________ is ideal for use cases in which a large number of services and resources need to access the same data at the same time.

Answer 34

file storage

Question 35

What is relational database management system (RDBMS)

Answer 35

means you can store data in a way such that it relates to other pieces of data.

Question 36

What does Lift-and-Shift mean?

Answer 36

is when you migrate your on-premise database to run on Amazon EC2 (to run your database in the cloud)

Question 37

What is Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS)?

Answer 37

is a service that enables you to run relational databases in the AWS Cloud

Question 38

In a ____________, data is stored in a way that relates it to other pieces of data. (ex. the coffee shop’s inventory management system. Each record in the database would include data for a single item, such as product name, size, price, and so on.)

Answer 38

relational database

Question 39

Relational databases use ____________ to store and query data. This approach allows data to be stored in an easily understandable, consistent, and scalable way

Answer 39

structured query language (SQL)

Question 40

What is Amazon Aurora?

Answer 40

helps to reduce your database costs by reducing unnecessary input/output (I/O) operations, while ensuring that your database resources remain reliable and available. Consider Amazon Aurora if your workloads require high availability. It replicates six copies of your data across three Availability Zones and continuously backs up your data to Amazon S3.

Question 41

What is Amazon DynamoDB?

Answer 41

It's a serverless database, meaning you don't need to manage the underlying instances or infrastructure powering it.

Question 42

With __________, you create tables. A ___________ table, is just a place where you can store and query data. Data is organized into items, and items have attributes. Attributes are just different features of your data. If you have one item in your table, or 2 million items in your table, ___________ manages the underlying storage for you

Answer 42

DynamoDB

Question 43

___________ stores this data redundantly across availability zones and mirrors the data across multiple drives under the hood for you and has a millisecond response time

Answer 43

DynamoDB

Question 44

Relational databases, like a standard MySQL Database, require that you have a ___________, in place. That might consist of one, or many tables that might relate to each other. You then use SQL to query the data.

Answer 44

well defined schema

Question 45

DynamoDB is a __________ database. ___________ databases tend to have simple flexible schemas, not complex rigid schemas, laying out multiple tables that all relate to each other

Answer 45

non-relational

Question 46

In a ___________, you create tables. A table is a place where you can store and query data.

Answer 46

nonrelational database

Question 47

__________ are sometimes referred to as “NoSQL databases” because they use structures other than rows and columns to organize data. One type of structural approach for ________________ is key-value pairs. With key-value pairs, data is organized into items (keys), and items have attributes (values)

Answer 47

Nonrelational databases

Question 48

Amazon DynamoDB is a _________ service. It delivers single-digit millisecond performance at any scale

Answer 48

key-value database

Question 49

DynamoDB is ________, which means that you do not have to provision, patch, or manage servers.

Answer 49

serverless

Question 50

With _____, you can add and remove attributes from items in the table, at any time. Not every item in the table has to have the same attributes. This is great for datasets that have some variation from item to item. Because of this flexibility, you cannot run complex SQL queries on it. Instead, you would write queries based on a small subset of attributes that are designated as keys.

Answer 50

DynamoDB

Question 51

What is Amazon Redshift?

Answer 51

is a data warehousing service that you can use for big data analytics. It offers the ability to collect data from many sources and helps you to understand relationships and trends across your data.

Question 52

Once data becomes too complex to handle with traditional relational databases, you've entered the world of ____________. __________ are engineered specifically for this kind of big data, where you are looking at historical analytics as opposed to operational analysis.

Answer 52

Data warehouses

Question 53

Data warehouses are best as long as your business question is ___________, then a data warehouse is the right solution for that line of business intelligence.

Answer 53

looking backwards at all

Question 54

Amazon Redshift is a __________ as a service

Answer 54

data warehousing

Question 55

What is Amazon database migration service (DMS)?

Answer 55

enables you to migrate relational databases, nonrelational databases, and other types of data stores

Question 56

With _________, you move data between a source database and a target database. The source and target databases can be of the same type or different types. During the migration, your source database remains operational, reducing downtime for any applications that rely on the database

Answer 56

AWS DMS

Question 57

_____________ is when you have several databases and want to consolidate them into one central database

Answer 57

Database consolidation