1
Q
Functions of THIAMIN:
A
- Maintains brain function
- Helps to convert carbs/fat into energy
- Keeps nervous system healthy
- Assists heart/muscles/digestive system function
2
Q
Sources of THIAMIN:
A
- Milk
- Cheese
- Spinach
- Lean meat
- Rice (fortified)
- Flour (fortified)
3
Q
Excess of THIAMIN:
A
- Excreted in urine
- Long term overdose = HYPERTHYROIDISM
4
Q
Deficiency of THIAMIN:
A
- Memory loss
- Enlargement of the heart
- Nerve damage
- Confusion
- Headaches
- Tiredness
BERI - BERI =Wet beriberi affects the heart and circulatory system. Dry beriberi damages the nerves and can lead to decreased muscle strength and muscle paralysis.
KORSAKOFF SYNDROME = a chronic memory disorder due to B1 deficiency - most commonly caused by alcohol misuse
5
Q
Functions of RIBOFLAVIN:
A
- Production of RBC’s & hormones
- Keeps healthy SKIN/ EYES/ MUCUS MEMBRANE/ NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Vital for growth & development
- Needed to release energy from food
6
Q
Sources of RIBOFLAVIN:
A
- Poultry
- Eggs
- Fish
- Rice
- Green leafy veg
- Fortified cereals
- Lost from milk during pasteurisation
ALL FOODS TO BE KEPT OOUT OF SUNLIGHT AS UV RAYS DESTROY RIBOFLAVIN
7
Q
Excess of RIBOFLAVIN:
A
- Excreted in Urine
8
Q
Deficiency of RIBOFLAVIN:
A
- Poor growth
- Rare in developed countries
- Those who over exercise
- Elderly are susceptible
- If present children get blood shot eyes & dry cracked lips
9
Q
Functions of NIACIN:
A
- Healthy skin
- Production of Insulin
- Production fo Oestrogen
- Maintains digestive & nervous system
- Metabolism of CARBS/ FATS/ PROTEINS
10
Q
Sources of NIACIN:
A
- Dates
- Lean meat
- Peanuts
- Tomatos
- Carrots
- Brocoli
- Milk
- LOST DURING MILLING so all flour & cereals are fortified
11
Q
Excess of NIACIN:
A
- PEPTIC ULCERS
- LIVER DAMAGE
Both only occur is continual high dosage is taken
12
Q
Deficiency of NIACIN:
A
- PELLAGRA which causes DERMATITIS (rough red skin) DEMENTIA (depression & memory loss) DIARRHOEA (tummy pain & loss of appetite)
13
Q
Functions of PYRIDOXINE:
A
- Formation of antibodies
- Formation of RBC’s
- Convert TRYTOPHAN to NIACIN
- Maintain nerve function & immune system
14
Q
Sources of pYRIDOXINE:
A
- Nuts
- Bananas
- Beans
- Meat
- Eggs
- Fish
DESTROYED BY SUNLIGHT/ HEAT/ AIR/ COOKING WATER
15
Q
Excess of PYRIDOXINE:
A
- Tingling
- Numbness
- Loss of feeling in limbs
LARGE SUPPLEMENTS FOR A LONG TIME = PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY (damage of nerves and brain/spipnal cord)
it is irreversable
16
Q
Deficiency of PYRIDOXINE:
A
- Deepression
- Anaemia
- Confusion
- Dermatitis
- Acne
- Mouth sores
17
Q
Functions of FOLIC ACID:
A
- Helps digest & use proteins
- helps make RBC’s
- Reduces risk of SPINA BIFIDA in foetus
- Brain function
- Mental & emotional health
18
Q
Sources of FOLIC ACID:
A
- Brocoli
- Peas
- Liver
- Oranges
- Fortified cereals
- Chickpeas
- Whole wheat products
19
Q
Who does FOLATE DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA affect?
A
- Pregnant
- Elderly
- Smokers
- Alcoholics
20
Q
What isFOLATE DEFICIENCY ANAEMIA?
A
Production of abnormal RBC’s that cannot carry enough Oxygen making people tired & weak.
21
Q
What is SPINA BIFIDA?
A
- Develops in foetus
- Spinal cord doesn’t develop properly
- there is incomplete closing of the backbone and membranes around the spinal cord
- Immediate operation is advised to avoid likely paralysis
22
Q
Functions of COBALAMIN:
A
- Supports immune system
- Maintains nervous system
- Metabolism of FOLIC ACID/ FAT/ PROTEIN/ CARBS for cell growth
- Production of RBC’s
23
Q
Sources of COBALAMIN:
A
- Tempeh
- Most animal products = dairy/ eggs/ meat/ liver/ shellfish
- Fortifies cereals
24
Q
Excess of COBALAMIN:
A
- Excreted in Urine
25
What is PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA?
- Not enough RBC's due to lack of B12
- Confusion
- Mental deterioration
- Inflammation fo nerves
- Chest pain
- Numbness of hands/feet
- Fatigue
- Tingling
- Tiredness
26
Who is it most likely to affect?
- Vegans because of their diet restrictions
- Elderly due to a lack of stomach acid and intrinsic factor, which prevents the small intestine from absorbing vitamin B12.
