Beta 2 Agonist

Question 1

What are the short acting beta 2 agonist

Answer 1

Salbutamol and Terbutaline

Question 2

What are the long acting bets 2 agonist (LABA)

Answer 2

“Enrols”
-Fometerol
-Indacterol
-Salmeterol

Question 3

How do SABA work in the body

Answer 3

• Short acting broncho dialators
• Onset of action is 5-20 minutes.
• Work by relaxing muscles of the lungs causing always to widen

Question 4

SABA Indication

Answer 4

Exercise induced asthma without steroid( preventer )
Symptom relief of asthma and COPD

Question 5

What happens when SABA is used more than 2> weekly

Answer 5

• Prolonged use can cause desensitisation and receptor tolerance to the beta 2 agonist limiting its efficacy, increasing exacerbation

Question 6

SABA dose, adverse effects

Answer 6

Dose: adults/Childeren> 12:1-2 puffs( 100mic-200mic) 3-4 times a day when required
Exercise Induced:1-2 inhalations 5-15minutes before
Symptomatic relief in asthmatic attack:4 puffs(400mic) via spacer,with 4 puffs in between, repeat after 4 minutes
COPD-4-8 puffs(400mic-800mic) every 1-6 hours

Adverse effects.
Common-tremor, palpitations , headache
Infrequent-hyperglycaemia ( high doses), tachycardia,agitation, HYPERACTIVITY in children.

BOX INTERACTION- CAN CUASE HYPOKALEMIA in HIGH DOSES- worsened by THEOPHYLINES, CORTICOSTERIODS, DIURETICS

Question 7

SABA beta2 precautions

Answer 7

Pregnancy and breastfeeding -safe.
Diabetes- risk of hyperglycaemia in high doses
Acute angle glaucoma- may rarely precipitate acute angle glaucoma if used with ipratropium

Question 8

Terbutaline dose

Answer 8

Comes as a dpi ( may not be preferred if patient is has breathing difficulties or copd)
1-3 puffs(500mic-1500mic) 3-4 times a day when required

Question 9

LABA indication ,frequency , dose, precautions , A/E

Answer 9

1. Indication- maintenance treatment in asthma with patients receiving ICS & COPD
2. Fometerol( 1-3 minutes)- TWICE DAILY. Salmeterol(5-10minutes)-ONCE DAILY. Indacterol(COPD>)(5min) 1 d
3. Precautions
   - diabetes - hyperglycaemia in high doses
   4.Pregnancy and breastfeeding -Formeterol and salmeterol preferred
4. A/e- C/ tremor,palpitations,headache. Infrequent/ hyperglycaemia, tacky, agitation, hyperactivity in childeren