Bronchiolitis

Question 1

What does management involve?

Answer 1

Supportive including:

• Humdified O2 via nasal cannulae
• Fluids
• Assisted ventilation - only in some cases

Question 2

How can fluids be given?

Answer 2

Via NG or IV

Question 3

What are the forms of assisted ventilation?

Answer 3

• Non-invasive CPAP

- Mechanical ventilation

Question 4

What ward management requirements are essential in managing patients with bronchiolitis?

Answer 4

Good infection prevention techniques

Question 5

Why are good infection prevention techniques required in bronchiolitis management?

Answer 5

RSV is highly infective

Question 6

What infection prevention techniques can be employed?

Answer 6

• Good hand hygiene
• Cohort nursing
• Gowns and gloves

Question 7

What prophylactic treatment can be given in children at high risk to reduce the number of hospital admissions?

Answer 7

IM Palivizumab

Question 8

What is Palivizumab?

Answer 8

A monoclonal antibody to RSV

Question 9

Why is Palivizumab not given to treat RSV?

Answer 9

It has a high number needed to treat and requires multiple IM injections

Question 10

What are the potential complications of bronchiolitis?

Answer 10

• Respiratory distress
• Dehydration
• Recurrent apnoea
• Permanent damage to airways