Cell Processes

Question 1

Activation energy

Answer 1

Energy required to get reaction started

Question 2

Active site

Answer 2

Site for substrate to bind to

Question 3

Active transport

Answer 3

Requires energy and against concentration gradient

Question 4

Adenine

Answer 4

Complementary to thymine

Question 5

ADP

Answer 5

Energy molecule

Question 6

Aerobic

Answer 6

Reaction that requires oxygen

Question 7

Alcohol

Answer 7

Product of anaerobic respiration/fermentation

Question 8

Amoeba

Answer 8

Unicellular organisms

Question 9

Anaerobic

Answer 9

Respiration without oxygen

Question 10

ATP

Answer 10

High energy molecule

Question 11

Catalyst

Answer 11

Lowers activation energy

Question 12

Cell membrane

Answer 12

Forms the boundary between the cell and its surroundings

Question 13

Cell wall

Answer 13

Provides rigidity and strength and supports the cell against changes in turgor

Question 14

Cellular respiration

Answer 14

Supply cell with available energy from glucose and is therefore needed in active transport

Question 15

Cellulose

Answer 15

The carbohydrate making up the substrate of the cell wall

Question 16

Centriole

Answer 16

Involved in cell division and the organisation of spindle fibres

Question 17

Chloroplast

Answer 17

The site of photosynthesis

Question 18

Chromosome

Answer 18

Long strands with genes

Question 19

Cilia

Answer 19

Anchored in the cell membrane and extending outside the cell used for motility

Question 20

Coenzyme

Answer 20

Required by an enzyme to function

Question 21

Cofactor

Answer 21

Required by the substrate so that the enzyme can catalyse the reaction

Question 22

Concentration gradient

Answer 22

Difference in concentration and substances

Question 23

Contractile vacuole

Answer 23

Involved in water regulation

Question 24

Cristae

Answer 24

Site of electron transport

Question 25

Cytoplasm

Answer 25

Contents of a cell other than nucleus

Question 26

Cytosine

Answer 26

Complimentary to guanine

Question 27

Denatured

Answer 27

Changes to the active site and enzymes caused by high temperatures

Question 28

Diffusion

Answer 28

Disposal of gases and liquids to occupy the space available

Question 29

DNA

Answer 29

Carrie genetic information

Question 30

Double helix

Answer 30

Shape of the DNA

Question 31

Respiration

Answer 31

Happens in the mitochondria

Question 32

Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 32

Tubular network transport substances

Question 33

Enzyme

Answer 33

Speeds up reaction specific to a substrate

Question 34

Eye spot

Answer 34

Involved in light detection within a unicellular organism

Question 35

Euglena

Answer 35

Fresh water autotroph

Question 36

Fermentation

Answer 36

Anaerobic respiration in plants

Question 37

Golgi body

Answer 37

Final modification of proteins and lipids sorting and storage for use in the sale packaging molecules for export

Question 38

Guanine

Answer 38

Complementary to cytosine

Question 39

Lactic acid

Answer 39

Byproduct of anaerobic respiration and animal cells

Question 40

Lamellae

Answer 40

Type of structure found in chloroplast

Question 41

Light dependent reaction

Answer 41

First stage of photosynthesis

Question 42

Light independent reaction

Answer 42

Second stage of photosynthesis

Question 43

Lipid bilayer

Answer 43

Part structure of cell membranes

Question 44

Lock and key theory

Answer 44

Describes the specific nature of enzymes

Question 45

Lysosomes

Answer 45

Organelle that contains enzymes and destroys foreign material by intracellular digestion

Question 46

Matrix

Answer 46

Liquid contents of mitochondria

Question 47

Mitochondria

Answer 47

Side of cellular respiration

Question 48

Nuclear membrane

Answer 48

Phospholipid bilayer that surrounds nucleus

Question 49

Nucleous

Answer 49

Sight of nucleotide manufacture

Question 50

Nucleotide

Answer 50

Molecule made of phosphate sugar and N base

Question 51

Nucleus

Answer 51

The control centre of the cell the site of nuclear material DNA

Question 52

Oral groove

Answer 52

Cavity lined with cilia that ingest food and protists

Question 53

Organelles

Answer 53

Structures and cells that have spacific functions

Question 54

Osmoregulation

Answer 54

Controlling the amount of water that enters the cell

Question 55

Osmosis

Answer 55

Diffusion of water across a semi permeable membrane

Question 56

Paramecium

Answer 56

A freshwater heterotroph water with decay material

Question 57

Passive transport

Answer 57

Transport along a concentration gradient

Question 58

Phagocytose

Answer 58

Cell eating

Question 59

Photosynthesis

Answer 59

Process where plant cells produce glucose

Question 60

Pinocytosis

Answer 60

Cell drinking

Question 61

Plasmolysis

Answer 61

Shrinkage of the protoplasm away from the wall of a living plant cell caused by loss of water through osmosis

Question 62

Protist

Answer 62

Single cell organisms having a cell nucleus

Question 63

Ribosome

Answer 63

Synthesis polypeptides, proteins

Question 64

Rough ER

Answer 64

Involved in the transport of proteins within the cell between the cell and its surroundings

Question 65

Secretion

Answer 65

Releasing chemicals from the cell

Question 66

Semi permeable membrane

Answer 66

Membrane that is selective i.e. small particles through

Question 67

Smooth ER

Answer 67

Involved in the transport of lipids within the cell in between the cell and its surroundings

Question 68

Stroma

Answer 68

Sight of celvin cycle during photosynthesis The liquid matrix inside the chloroplast

Question 69

Substrate

Answer 69

Enzyme work on these

Question 70

Surface area to volume ratio

Answer 70

Important for the maximum size of a cell

Question 71

Thymine

Answer 71

Complementary base to adenine

Question 72

Turgor

Answer 72

Level of water in a cell

Question 73

Unicellular organism

Answer 73

Living organism consisting of one cell only

Question 74

Uracil

Answer 74

Complementary base only found in RNA

Question 75

Vacuole

Answer 75

Fluid filled structure in the cytoplasm involved in storage

Question 76

Vesicle

Answer 76

Fluid filled space in the cytoplasm