Ch.66 Bladder

Question 1

Capacity of the bladder

Answer 1

4L

Question 2

The round ligs of the bladder are the remnants of what

Answer 2

Umbilical arteries

Question 3

Muscle layers of the bladder

Answer 3

2 smooth mm layers (detrusor m)
outer longitudinal
inner circular
dorsally they switch, circular goes outside - allows for distension
weakest point of bladder wall - site of rupture

Question 4

Mm of urethral sphincter

Answer 4

1. Mm of the bladder wall is continuous
   with the longitudinal and inner
   circular mm of urethra
2. Striated urethralis muscle

Question 5

Sympathetic innervation of the bladder

Answer 5

1. Hypogastric nerve
   Preganglionic fibres from L1 - L4
   Caudal mesenteric ganglion
   Postganglionic fibres -
   Beta2 adrenergic receptors
   Alpha1 and 2 adrenergic receptors
   prox urtethra

Question 6

Parasympathetic innervation of the bladder

Answer 6

Pelvic n

Question 7

Somatic innervation of lower urinary tract

Answer 7

Branch of pudendal n (Originates s1-s2)
to striated urethralis m

Question 8

How is urine expelled from the bladder

Answer 8

Concurrent Inhibition of the pudenal n
and
hypogastric alpha and B2 sympathetic activity leads to urethral sphincter relaxation and detrusor m contraction and elimination of urine