Chapter 1: Text extras

Question 0

Aristotle could not determine whether the father , the mother or both contributed to the formation of the fetus. He incorrectly assumed what?

Answer 0

• males were the only contribution.

- females merely only sustained the growth of the fetus

Question 1

Aristotle distinguished that there were two classifications by which organisms could reproduce.

Answer 1

• asexual and sexual

Question 2

What did John Ham do?

Answer 2

• examined semen under a primitive microscope (from a man with nocturnal emissions)….he noticed that semen was swarming with spermatozoa

Question 3

Nicholas Hart suggested what about spermatozoa?

Answer 3

• they contained tiny preformed humans (homunculi)

Question 4

William harvey discovered what?

Answer 4

• ovum

Question 5

Herman fol was the first to?

Answer 5

• observe entry of a spermatozoon into an ovum

Question 6

St. Augustine and sexual ethics…go

Answer 6

• all sexual behaviour was sinful because ot was driven by passion rather than by will…..

Question 7

St. Thomas Aquins ?

Answer 7

• established that procreative sex within marriage was part of gods design. all other forms were forbidden by ecclesiastical law.

Question 8

During the enlightenment period…..Jeremy Bentham argued what?

Answer 8

-morality should be based on the greatest happiness to the greatest number…..sex between men should be legal because it brought happiness to both participants and harmed no one else.

Question 9

Mary Wollstonecraft argued what?

Answer 9

• woman had the right to sexual pleasure

Question 10

The Victorian period was what?

Answer 10

• renewal of sexual repression

Question 11

Alfred Kinsey did what?

Answer 11

• large sex surveys…..finding high prevalence of stigmatized or illegal sexual behaviours
  L> 14% women have orgasms
  L> he helped make sexual behaviour an appropriate topic for objectives.

Question 12

William Masters and his wife Virginia Johnson did what?

Answer 12

• recruited volunteers to engage in sexual behaviour ( solitary, heterosexual and homosexual) in the lab
  L> used recording instruments to examine physiological changes during sexual pleasure etc not just observation research

Question 13

William Masters and his wife Virginia Johnson aside from studying general sexual activity they also studied what?

Answer 13

• people that suffered from sexual disorders.

Question 14

William Masters and his wife Virginia Johnson were very sex _____ but this attitude did not extend to what?

Answer 14

• sex positive

- homosexuality

Question 15

What is the foundation of a matrilineal society>

Answer 15

• that only the mother contributed to the making of the fetus.
  L> kinship and descent were reckoned only though the female line

Question 16

Give the details on Margaret Sanger!

Answer 16

• campaigned heavily on the rights for women to learn about and use contraceptives.

Question 17

What was the second wave of feminism activity based on?

Answer 17

• women’s entitlement to know about their own bodies , to seek sexual pleasure , to terminate a prey and to be free from sexual assault and harassment

Question 18

What the dominant belief of the feminism movement in the 1970’s for the differences among the sexes?

Answer 18

• it was established via learning and culture…that boys were SOCIALIZED to be sexually aggressive whereas girls were SOCIALIZED to be sexually submissive.

Question 19

What did Margaret Mead do?

Answer 19

• that it was a point of pride for samoan girls to have many sexual partners.
  L> liberal attitudes toward sexuality from Polynesia helped open up americas eyes

Question 20

Chicana Lesbian Gloria Anzaldua?

Answer 20

• third wave feminism which now concerns itself with sexual freedom…etc
  (feminism)

Question 21

Germaine Greer dismissed what?

Answer 21

• biological factors contributing to gender differences.

Question 22

Carol Gilligan ? (feminism)

Answer 22

-emphasized that men and women were fundamentally different. That even women were superior to men in respects such as being more caring.
L> either via how they were biologically given or by how society judged the importance of male and female reproductive importance.

Question 23

Camilla Paglia ?? (feminism)

Answer 23

socialization is the reason women can walk the streets with some expectation of safety not the reason why men commit rape.

Question 24

What id Adolf Butenadt and Yugoslav born Leopold Ruzicka identify??

Answer 24

- synthesis of sex hormones .....this paved the way for the making of the pill (oral contraceptive)

Question 25

When did "the pill " come out?

Answer 25

1970

Question 26

Robert Edwards led to the discovery of what?

Answer 26

- vitro fertilization

Question 27

In 1998 what drug was introduced for the treatment of erectile dysfunction?

Answer 27

- Sildenafil (viagra)

Question 28

A region of the brain concerned with spatial skills end up thicker in males/females? whereas the opposite is seen in a region involved in impulse control which was better in males/females?

Answer 28

- males | - females

Question 29

A single gene was discovered to regulate what?

Answer 29

- the brains sensitivity to testosterone which causes the brains of teenagers to develop in ways that are more typical or atypical of their sex.

Question 30

What is the most significant branch of psychology in studying human sexuality.

Answer 30

- social psychology | -

Question 31

Describe what was found in the experiment done at Liverpools University via an evolutionary psychologists perspective.

Answer 31

- when men were in the presence of women they were more likely to cross the road in riskier ways than the absence of women or increase in male presence. - women however were not affected either way for the presence of either sex.

Question 32

Cultural psychologists deal with what ? Research is done where?

Answer 32

- influence of ethics and cultural diversity on thought, be

Question 33

Catholic doctrine remains opposed to what

Answer 33

nomarital sex, homo, and most contraception

Question 34

Evangelical teens get little what

Answer 34

- instruction in contraception