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Flashcards in Chapter 1: Text extras Deck (35)
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0
Q

Aristotle could not determine whether the father , the mother or both contributed to the formation of the fetus. He incorrectly assumed what?

A
  • males were the only contribution.

- females merely only sustained the growth of the fetus

1
Q

Aristotle distinguished that there were two classifications by which organisms could reproduce.

A
  • asexual and sexual
2
Q

What did John Ham do?

A
  • examined semen under a primitive microscope (from a man with nocturnal emissions)….he noticed that semen was swarming with spermatozoa
3
Q

Nicholas Hart suggested what about spermatozoa?

A
  • they contained tiny preformed humans (homunculi)
4
Q

William harvey discovered what?

A
  • ovum
5
Q

Herman fol was the first to?

A
  • observe entry of a spermatozoon into an ovum
6
Q

St. Augustine and sexual ethics…go

A
  • all sexual behaviour was sinful because ot was driven by passion rather than by will…..
7
Q

St. Thomas Aquins ?

A
  • established that procreative sex within marriage was part of gods design. all other forms were forbidden by ecclesiastical law.
8
Q

During the enlightenment period…..Jeremy Bentham argued what?

A

-morality should be based on the greatest happiness to the greatest number…..sex between men should be legal because it brought happiness to both participants and harmed no one else.

9
Q

Mary Wollstonecraft argued what?

A
  • woman had the right to sexual pleasure
10
Q

The Victorian period was what?

A
  • renewal of sexual repression
11
Q

Alfred Kinsey did what?

A
  • large sex surveys…..finding high prevalence of stigmatized or illegal sexual behaviours
    L> 14% women have orgasms
    L> he helped make sexual behaviour an appropriate topic for objectives.
12
Q

William Masters and his wife Virginia Johnson did what?

A
  • recruited volunteers to engage in sexual behaviour ( solitary, heterosexual and homosexual) in the lab
    L> used recording instruments to examine physiological changes during sexual pleasure etc not just observation research
13
Q

William Masters and his wife Virginia Johnson aside from studying general sexual activity they also studied what?

A
  • people that suffered from sexual disorders.
14
Q

William Masters and his wife Virginia Johnson were very sex _____ but this attitude did not extend to what?

A
  • sex positive

- homosexuality

15
Q

What is the foundation of a matrilineal society>

A
  • that only the mother contributed to the making of the fetus.
    L> kinship and descent were reckoned only though the female line
16
Q

Give the details on Margaret Sanger!

A
  • campaigned heavily on the rights for women to learn about and use contraceptives.
17
Q

What was the second wave of feminism activity based on?

A
  • women’s entitlement to know about their own bodies , to seek sexual pleasure , to terminate a prey and to be free from sexual assault and harassment
18
Q

What the dominant belief of the feminism movement in the 1970’s for the differences among the sexes?

A
  • it was established via learning and culture…that boys were SOCIALIZED to be sexually aggressive whereas girls were SOCIALIZED to be sexually submissive.
19
Q

What did Margaret Mead do?

A
  • that it was a point of pride for samoan girls to have many sexual partners.
    L> liberal attitudes toward sexuality from Polynesia helped open up americas eyes
20
Q

Chicana Lesbian Gloria Anzaldua?

A
  • third wave feminism which now concerns itself with sexual freedom…etc
    (feminism)
21
Q

Germaine Greer dismissed what?

A
  • biological factors contributing to gender differences.
22
Q

Carol Gilligan ? (feminism)

A

-emphasized that men and women were fundamentally different. That even women were superior to men in respects such as being more caring.
L> either via how they were biologically given or by how society judged the importance of male and female reproductive importance.

23
Q

Camilla Paglia ?? (feminism)

A

socialization is the reason women can walk the streets with some expectation of safety not the reason why men commit rape.

24
Q

What id Adolf Butenadt and Yugoslav born Leopold Ruzicka identify??

A
  • synthesis of sex hormones …..this paved the way for the making of the pill (oral contraceptive)
25
Q

When did “the pill “ come out?

A

1970

26
Q

Robert Edwards led to the discovery of what?

A
  • vitro fertilization
27
Q

In 1998 what drug was introduced for the treatment of erectile dysfunction?

A
  • Sildenafil (viagra)
28
Q

A region of the brain concerned with spatial skills end up thicker in males/females? whereas the opposite is seen in a region involved in impulse control which was better in males/females?

A
  • males

- females

29
Q

A single gene was discovered to regulate what?

A
  • the brains sensitivity to testosterone which causes the brains of teenagers to develop in ways that are more typical or atypical of their sex.
30
Q

What is the most significant branch of psychology in studying human sexuality.

A
  • social psychology

-

31
Q

Describe what was found in the experiment done at Liverpools University via an evolutionary psychologists perspective.

A
  • when men were in the presence of women they were more likely to cross the road in riskier ways than the absence of women or increase in male presence.
  • women however were not affected either way for the presence of either sex.
32
Q

Cultural psychologists deal with what ? Research is done where?

A
  • influence of ethics and cultural diversity on thought, be
33
Q

Catholic doctrine remains opposed to what

A

nomarital sex, homo, and most contraception

34
Q

Evangelical teens get little what

A
  • instruction in contraception