Chapter 11

Question 2

Fourteen Points

Answer 2

A speech given by Woodrow Wilson that addressed the following points: No secret treaties between countries, freedom of the seas, no economic barriers, countries should support their colonies, and violence should be limited. It also addressed 8 points about boarder changes. Lastly, it proposed a League of Nations. “Congress rejected the 14 point plan because it would make America come into European affairs.”

Question 3

League of Nations:

Answer 3

1. An international organization that let nations settle their differences peacefully. “The League of Nations was a prelude to the new United Nations.”
2. Georges Clemenceau: The French premier. “He hated the invasion of France and was determined to avenge it.”

Question 4

David Llyod George:

Answer 4

The British Prime Minister: “He ran for office by promising to Make Germany Pay”

Question 5

The Treaty of Versailles:

Answer 5

Established 9 new nations and set new boarders It was an agreement between the countries (Germany was forced to sign) and it formally settled the war.. “The Ottoman Empire was carved up into 5 mandates.”

Question 6

Reparations:

Answer 6

Damages. “Germany had to pay 33 billion in damage to the Allies.”

Question 7

War guilt clause

Answer 7

Admitting sole responsibility for the war. “The war-guilt clause on Germany humiliated them”

Question 8

Henry Cabot Lodge

Answer 8

1.Senator who opposed the 14 point plan. “Henry Cabot Lodge wanted the right for Congress to declare war in the plan.”

Question 9

nationalism

Answer 9

extreme pride for one’s nation

Question 10

militarism

Answer 10

the development of military arms to use as a tool of diplomacy

Question 11

Imperialism

Answer 11

the intention to expand one’s territory as well as military and economy

Question 12

The formation of alliances

Answer 12

A formal agreement between countries that agrees to keep peace and help eachother out in emergencies.

Question 13

Allied Powers

Answer 13

France, Britain, Russia (for sometime), and USA

Question 14

Central Powers

Answer 14

Germany, Austria Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Italy (for some time before they switched over)

Question 15

Why did Franz Ferdinand go to Bosnia?

Answer 15

1.Came to Bosnia to make peace, was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist, leads Austria Hungary to declare war.

Question 16

The Archduke is assassinated. The Alliance System plays a part.

Answer 16

Because Austria Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia came in, which brought everyone else in.

Question 17

Who was the Archduke assisinated by?

Answer 17

Gavrilo Princip

Question 18

Trench Warfare

Answer 18

1. These holes in the ground that soldiers would fight in. There was disease, and vermin.
2. 25 yd. With barbed wire, and pocket marks, it was dangerous.

Question 19

What were some examples of opinions on war in America

Answer 19

1. War was evil US should not engage in it, America should not send their sons, This was a family conflict.
2. Strong Economic ties with the Allies, Pity for Great Britain, immigrants have ties to their country.

Question 20

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

Answer 20

Holding against russia, combined with a quick drive through Beligium to Paris where they would defeat the french. Then Defeat Russia

Question 21

As they were unable to save Belgium, what did the Allies do?

Answer 21

They retreated to the Marne River where they halted Germany’s attack

Question 22

How did socialists view the war?

Answer 22

they saw the war as a capitalist and imperialist struggle between Germany and England

Question 23

What did many American born Americans feel about the war?

Answer 23

They felt close ancestry to he British.

Question 24

Why were America’s ties stronger with the Allies then with the Central Powers?

Answer 24

Because of the economic ties. They traded much more with them

Question 25

What was he British Blockade?

Answer 25

The Brits blocked the German boarder preventing food and supplies from getting it in.

Question 26

What were the results of the British Blockade?

Answer 26

It prevented American Ships that were carrying goods to get there. Caused famine in Germany

Question 27

How did Germany respond to the t Blockade?

Answer 27

They made U Boats. Any British or Allied ship found in the waters around Britain would be sunk. It would not always be possible to warn crews about it.

Question 28

What was the Lusitania?

Answer 28

It was a passenger ship at the Southern Coast of Ireland that was sunk by the U- Boats. It carried 128 Americans

Question 29

What were some other ships that Germany sunk?

Answer 29

The Arabic and Sussex The US warned that they would break off diplomatic relations with Germany. The Germans agreed to stop the attacks, they said that the US had to stop the British Blockade.

Question 30

Who won the 1916 Election. With what slogan?

Answer 30

Woodrow Wilson won the election with the slogan "Keep Us Out of War"

Question 31

Zimmerman Note:

Answer 31

Germany's foreign minister sent a note to Mexico, telling them to join with Germany so that they could reclaim lost territory. It was intercepted by the British

Question 32

Germany sunk 4 unarmed American merchant ships

Question 33

Russia became a communist government

Answer 33

US could claim that the war was now a battle for diplomacy

Question 34

America declared war on

Answer 34

April 2, 1917

Question 35

Eddie Rickenbacker

Answer 35

A famous fighter pilot of WWI. He

Question 36

How many men were in sevice when war was declared?

Answer 36

Only 200,000 men were in service

Question 37

Selective Service Act

Answer 37

Passed in 1917, Required Men to register with the government in order to be randomly selected for military service

Question 38

By the end of 1918, how many men had registered?

Answer 38

24 million

Question 39

Most of the inductees had not:

Answer 39

attended high school and 1/5 was foreign born

Question 41

What was the all black regiment called?

Answer 41

the 369th Infantary Regiment

Question 42

How did the United States expand the fleet?

Answer 42

1. Exempted many shipyard workers from the draft and others defferd classification 2. US Chamber of Commerce joined in a public relations campaign to emphasize the importance of shipyard workers. 3. Urged automobile workers to give shipyard workers rides. 4. They used prefabrication techniques

Question 43

Admiral Wiliam S. Sims convinced the british to try Convoy Systems. What were they\>

Answer 43

Merchant ships that were escorted by a heavy guard of destroyers

Question 44

The US Navy also helped lay a 230 mile barrier of mines across the North Sea from Scotland to Norway. What was this designed to do?

Answer 44

Bottle up U-Boats that sailed from German pors and kept them out of the ocean

Question 45

What was one main contributer that helped to keep the Allied Froces up?

Answer 45

The Americans enthusiasm

Question 46

The American Expeditionary Force was led by

Answer 46

General John J. Pershing

Question 47

What did the AEF include?

Answer 47

American infantrymen

Question 48

What were American Infantrymen called?

Answer 48

Doughboys because of the white belts they wore that were cleaned with pipe clay

Question 49

What were some new weapons?

Answer 49

- Machine Gun - Tank - Airplane - Airplanes that could carry bombs - Observation Balloons

Question 50

While fighting, what were men surrounded by?

Answer 50

Tanks, filth, lice, rats,, and polluted water

Question 51

What was shell shock?

Answer 51

A term coined durign World War I to describe a complete emotional collapse from which many neer recovered

Question 52

What were some common diseases?

Answer 52

Trench Foot, and trench mouth

Question 53

When Russia pulled out of the war in 1917, the Germans shifted their armies from eastern front to where

Answer 53

To France

Question 54

Who was Alivin York

Answer 54

He was a conscientious objector. He decided that it was acceptable to fight if the cause was just. He killed 25 Germans with a rile and revolver

Question 55

What happened on 11/3/1918

Answer 55

Austria Hungary surrendered and Germans turned against their government

Question 56

What were some statistics of World War I?

Answer 56

It was the bloodiest war in history with 22 millian. Also, there was outbraks of desease and it cost 338 billion

Question 57

Why was Wilson given more power during WWI?

Answer 57

Because it was such an immense conflict, the entire economu had to be refocused on it. So. that meant that it was easier to leave the job to one person

Question 58

What was the War Industries Board?

Answer 58

It was established in 1917 and encouraged companies to use efficient mass production, eliminate waste, and standardize products.

Question 59

Who was the head of the War industries Board?

Answer 59

Bernard M. Baruch

Question 60

What did the Railroad Industry do\>

Answer 60

Controlled th erailroads, as teh fuel administration monitered the coal supplies and rationed gas.

Question 61

During the war, what happened to wages?

Answer 61

They rose in most industries. Stock holders saw enormous profits (DuPont company saw the it multiply by 1600 percent

Question 62

What were some bad conditions though?

Answer 62

Child labor and working hours were sped up. Unions boomed

Question 63

What was the National War Labor Board

Answer 63

To deal with disputes between management and labor. Workers who refused to obey board devisions could loose their draft exemptions

Question 64

Wilson set up what?

Answer 64

The food Administration under Herbert Hoover. Instead of rationing food, he called for people to follow gospel of a clean plate.

Question 65

What did homeowners plant

Answer 65

victory gardens

Question 66

How much did the US spend?

Answer 66

35.5 billion on war effort

Question 67

How did the government raise money?

Answer 67

Progressive income tax, taxes on tobacco, liquor, and luxury goods. They also sold bonds.

Question 68

What did the US to do popularize the war?

Answer 68

Propoganda, a biased information. They set up the Committee on Public Information

Question 69

Who was the head of the comittee?

Answer 69

George Creel

Question 70

What happened when war was declared?

Answer 70

the main target of these attacks became immigrants.

Question 71

What were the Espionage and Sedition acts?

Answer 71

A person could be fined up to 10,000$ for saying anything bad about the government. It violated the 1st amendment and targeted socialists

Question 72

Did african americans support the war?\>

Answer 72

Some did

Question 73

Great Migration

Answer 73

The large scale movement of African Americans. They wanted to escape descrimination and also get work

Question 74

What did women do during the war?

Answer 74

They moved into jobs that had been exclusively held by me. They also did traditional jobs

Question 75

What was one huge crisis?

Answer 75

The flu epidemic.