Chapter 18 Forcible Entry

Question 1

What is the rule of thumb for forcible entry

Answer 1

TRY BEFORE YOU PRY

Question 2

What are the four types of doors?

Answer 2

Swinging
Sliding
Revolving
Overhead

Question 3

What are the 4 factors of forcible entry size up

Answer 3

1. Type of construction
2. Available access to the doors, windows, or walls
3. Available tools
4. Time

Question 4

The efficiency of the firefighters in forcing entrance to a building is dependent upon three major factors

Answer 4

1. Tools - Choosing the appropriate tool(s)
2. Technique - Applying the proper techniques to structural components.
3. Safety - Safety for all concerned

Question 5

Forcible entry tools can be divided into four groups based on the manner in which they are used for forcible entry What are they?

Answer 5

1. Cutting
2. Prying and Spreading
3. Striking and Battering
4. Pushing and Pulling

Question 6

Forcible entry tools are powered by various means: (6 points)

Answer 6

1.Hand or Manual – requiring human force
2. Electric - electric power, from portable generators.
3. Battery – Hurst/Holmatro Tools (battery)
4. Pneumatic – power is generated by a compressed air source
5. Hydraulic – pump powered by electric generator
6. Gasoline – Gas powered tools such as a chainsaw.

Question 7

What is a general rule of hand tool maintenance

Answer 7

All Tools should be cleaned and inspected periodically and after every use

Question 8

What is the type of chain and bar length for the The Stihl 360/361’s and what do you do when its damaged

Answer 8

The Stihl 360/361’s are equipped with a 16” carbide tipped chain that will be utilized in most applications. When damaged or dull this chain is to be replaced.

Question 9

What is the type of chain and bar length for the The Stihl 460RS and what do you do when chain is damaged or dull

Answer 9

The Stihl 460RS is equipped with a 20” tungsten carbide and cobalt tipped chain that is primarily used for roof access/ventilation. When damaged or dull this chain ( due to cost of replacement) is to be sent in to Logistics for sharpening.

Question 10

When starting the cut off saw or chainsaws they should be _____________ Only

Answer 10

Ground Start

Question 11

Always enter and exit cuts while at _________ when using a Cut-off Saw

Answer 11

full throttle

Question 12

Cut-Off Saw Blades (2 points)

Answer 12

Desert Diamond
Abrasive disk

Question 13

What are the 4 types of locks

Answer 13

1. Mortise Lock
2. Bored (Cylindrical) Lock
3. Rim Lock
4. Padlock

Question 14

When dealing with Padlock, what are the least costly methods to gain access?

Answer 14

Cutting a the chain link or hasp

Question 15

Who has access to the content of the Fire Department Key Box?

Answer 15

Fire department personnel

Question 16

True or False: The EFRS is not responsible for the excessive damage due to forcible entry methods used by its firefighter.

Answer 16

False

Question 17

Define Forcible Entry

Answer 17

The act of gaining access to a structure through means other than an open window or door using applied techniques and available tools which aid in reducing unnecessary damage to the occupancy or compromising structural integrity

Question 18

What are some questions you should ask yourself during forcible entry size up

Answer 18

What is the least damaging method? What is the most efficient method? What tools do you need, and how long will it take you to deploy these tools?

Question 19

What must be taken into account when breaching a wall during forcible entry operations? and what could happen without those considerations?

Answer 19

The individual needs to take into account the type of construction as well as the load that the wall is carrying. If the breach is done without these considerations then a collapse of the structure could take place which could endanger, hurt or kill members of your team. Look at what the wall is supporting now as well as what the wall will be supporting later such as firefighting teams or live loads such as ice or water build-up.

Question 20

Regardless of the tool chosen, or the method by which it is powered, the most important factor in its safe and effective use is?

Answer 20

Ensuring that the operator has been fully
trained in both its’ application and use

Question 21

when should size up be taking place on the fire scene

Answer 21

Size up is not just something we do at the beginning of an incident. It is an ongoing process extending from your arrival to the time you leave. As firefighters, we need to be the eyes and the brains behind our tactics and tasks to ensure an overall positive outcome.

Question 22

List some forcible entry hand tools used for cutting

Answer 22

Bolt cutter, Axe, Pry Axe, Hack saw, and Wood handsaw

Question 23

List some forcible entry hand tools used for Prying and Spreading

Answer 23

Halligan bar, IRONs (AXE & HALLIGAN), Goose Neck Pry Bar, FF Combi Tool, Hose keys, Shingle shovel, and New York Hook

Question 24

List some forcible entry hand tools used for Striking and Battering

Answer 24

Sledgehammer, Pick Head Axe, Hammer Head Pick, and Flathead Axe

Question 25

List some forcible entry hand tools used for Pushing and Pulling

Answer 25

Plaster hook, Pike pole, Jack-All, Come along, and New York Hook

Question 26

What are things to do and consider when maintaining hand tools?

Answer 26

1. All wooden handles should be checked for cracks/splinters and cleaned with warm soap and water. An option (not currently used) is to apply linseed oil for preservation. 2. Axe and Hammer Heads should not be loose – cutting surfaces must be maintained – damaged edges that require grinding sent to M.E.S for repair. 3. Fiberglass handles can be cleaned with soap and warm water. 4. All tools should be in good working order or sent to M.E.S. for maintenance.

Question 27

List some Hydraulic forcible entry tools

Answer 27

Jaws/Spreaders, Cutter, and Ram/Spreaders

Question 28

List some power tools for forcible entry (Gas /Electric/Air)

Answer 28

STIHL 360/361. STIHL 460RS, Rotary (Circular) Saw, Reciprocating Saw, Hurst (battery operated), Air Chisel, and Halmatro lifting Bags

Question 29

Sthil 460RS and 360/361 Pre-start and post-use checklist | 9 points also in the weeds

Answer 29

1. Any visible damage to the saw or its’ components 2. Cleanliness of the saw and filter 3. Leaking Fuel or Oil 4. Correct operation of the safety equipment 5. Correct tension and condition of the chain 6. Fuel and Oil level 7. Ease of operation and starting 8. Inventory the (Red) Saw tool pouch (tools required for work on both the Chainsaw and Cut-Off Saw) 9. The Spare Chain (Blue) Pouch ( Contains 1 – Spare 460 Carbide tipped chain, 1 – Spare 360 Chain)

Question 30

Sthil 460RS and 360/361 Chainsaw Fuels and Oils

Answer 30

Stihl recommends using a mid-grade (89 octane) fuel for a two-cycle engine High compression Chainsaw Engines require a quality Two-Stroke Engine Oil Recommended mixture of fuel to oil using the Stihl product is 50 to 1 (fuel - oil) Pre-mixed fuel is obtained from the service or salvage truck located at STN 22 Do not use gas line anti-freezes or fuel stabilizers Bar oil used is a #2 medium stihl product **Rule of Thumb is to fill the bar oil every time you fuel up

Question 31

how do you Identify a Dull chain

Answer 31

Visually ● If the teeth are rounded or damage is visible the chain must be replaced (16” carbide tipped) or sharpened (20” tungsten/cobalt/carbide tipped) By the Performance of the saw ● A sharp chain will evolve larger wood chips in dried wood and curlier chips in green wood ● When a chain becomes dull the cutting action will evolve smaller chips and/or sawdust. When limbing, the saw will tend to rip and tear rather than cut

Question 32

Sthil 460RS and 360/361 Replacing the chain/bar/sprocket (17 points)

Answer 32

1. Inspect the “new” chain to ensure that there are no defects or signs of dullness. 2. Make sure saw is turned off and the kill switch is turned on 3. Wear your proper PPE. 4. Place saw on its left side. 5. Using your T-bar wrench back off the tension screw and remove the bar nuts. 6. Remove the chain sprocket cover 7. Take time to clean out any debris that may be in the chain sprocket housing as well as any debris that you may see in and around the drive sprocket and tension screw 8. Use one hand at the tip of the bar and pull away from the engine. You will have to maneuver the bar a little to get it off the bar bolts. 9. To remove the chain and replace it with a new one. Start by placing the bar vertical and putting the chain over the tip first and then fitting it into the grooves in the bar 10. REMEMBER!! The chain moves away from you, you should be looking at the back of the teeth when it is on the bar. A chain loaded backwards is useless. 11. The bar may be flipped; this will not damage or affect the bars performance. 12. When replacing the bar and new chain on the bar bolts, use your right hand to hold the tip of the bar and your left hand to keep tension on the chain at the far end of the bar 13. Start at the drive sprocket, install the chain there first 14. Then slide the bar towards the bar bolts until the holes in the bar and the tension pin line up. You might have to loosen the tension screw for an easy fit. 15. Replace the chain break housing and bar nuts. 16. Only tighten the bar nuts 3/4 because you will have to retighten the chain 17. The drive sprocket must be inspected for wear and visible damage from the drive links of the chain

Question 33

what must the bar be inspected for?

Answer 33

The bar must be inspected for uneven wear and smooth rotation of the guide bar tip A good rule of thumb is to replace the drive sprocket and bar after every three chains

Question 34

Sthil 460RS and 360/361 Proper air filter maintenance

Answer 34

1. Clean air for any two-stroke engine is absolutely essential to reducing maintenance costs. 2. Air filters must stop the foreign debris from entering the engine 3. Clean all filters except paper type filters by washing them in warm soapy water with some degreasing fluid mixed in. 4. The soap and water cleans the material and the degreasing fluid removes the oil from the filter. 5. Use a soft paint brush to remove the material. Do not use a toothbrush as it is too abrasive

Question 35

Safety equipment (PPE) required for operation of chainsaws

Answer 35

➢ Safety glasses/goggles/visor ➢ Safety boots ➢ Safety helmets (wildland or firefighting) ➢ Safety gloves (wildland or firefighting) ➢ Hearing protection ➢ Safety pants (bunker) or chaps

Question 36

Even Ground Start for chainsaw

Answer 36

1. Start on firm and relatively level ground with secure footing. 2. Engage the chain break. Place the master switch in the full choke position. 3. Depress the decompression switch if so equipped. 4. Firmly grip the front handle with your left hand and lock your left elbow straight. 5. Place the toe of your right foot in the rear handle. 6. Grip the starter cord in your right hand and pull until you feel tension. 7. Pull sharply on the starter cord to start the saw. 8. When the saw burps or the decompression switch pops out move the master switch to the 1⁄2 choke position. 9. Take the slack out of the cord again and pull sharply 10. It should only take one or two pulls to get the saw running 11. With the saw running release the chain break

Question 37

Uneven ground start for chainsaws Use this method when there is no clear/level ground area to start the saw (Often rooftop ventilation applications)

Answer 37

1. Ensure you have good balance and secure footing. 2. Engage the chain break and depress the decompression switch. 3. Place the master switch in the full choke position. 4. Firmly grip the front handle with your left hand and lock your left arm straight 5. Grip the rear handle by placing the handle between your legs just above your knees 6. Grip the starter cord in your right hand and pull until you feel tension. 7. Pull sharply on the starter cord to start the saw. 8. When the saw burps or the decompression switch pops out move the master switch to the 1⁄2 choke position. 9. Pull sharply on the starter cord until the saw starts 10. Once running quickly touch the throttle and ‘Knock it down” to an idle 11. Release the chain break and proceed to warm up the saw

Question 38

Stihl 350/400 Cut-Of Saw Maintenance Pre-start and post-use checklist

Answer 38

This Check Includes: 1. Any visible damage to the saw or its’ components 2. Cleanliness of the saw and filter 3. Leaking Fuel 4. Correct operation of the safety equipment 5. Correct tension and condition of the belt 6. Fuel/oil mixture level 7. Ease of operation and starting 8. Condition of the blades 9. D’ax blade for broken teeth and missing 7/8” arbor 10. The Saw tool pouch (Red) is inventoried

Question 39

Describe a Desert Diamond blade

Answer 39

1. An all-purpose diamond cutting/grinding blade 2. 12” in diameter 3. Does not require sharpening. 4. Cuts iron, concrete, asphalt, stone, brick and block work, wood, metal, bulletproof glass. Cuts almost anything. 5. Produces 90% less sparks than abrasive wheels. 6. Used WET or DRY. 7. Blade is heavy and produces a lot of momentum when in use. 8. Exercise Caution until the blade comes to a complete stop when finished with task

Question 40

Describe the Characteristics of a Mortise Lock

Answer 40

1. Designed to fit a cavity in a door 2. Has a latching and an opening device 3. May include a deadbolt 4. Residential, commercial, industrial

Question 41

Describe the Characteristics of a Bored (Cylindrical) Lock

Answer 41

1. Key-in-knob style has the keyway in the outside knob while the inside knob may have a keyway or button 2. Latch mechanism is locked & unlocked by both a key and a knob button 3. Relatively easy to pry because the latch is short 4. Residential, commercial, industrial

Question 42

Describe the Characteristics of a Rim Lock

Answer 42

1. Surface mounted 2. A cylinder is recessed into the door in a bored latching mechanism which is fastened to the inside of the door on one side and strike mounted to the edge of the door frame on the other

Question 43

Describe the Characteristics of a Padlock

Answer 43

1. Portable or detached 2. Regular padlocks have shackles 6 mm (1⁄4 in.) or less in diameter 3. Heavy duty has shackles larger in diameter than 6 mm (1⁄4 in.), case-hardened 4. May be “toe and heel locking” - both shackle ends are locked when pushed into the mechanism 5. Both sides of the shackle must be cut in order to remove a toe and heel locking padlock 6. Rapid Entry Method 7. When dealing with padlocks, cutting the chain link or hasp can be easier and less cost to the owner

Question 44

Where can firefighters get the keys to the premises?

Answer 44

Keys to a premise can be obtained from the building owner, manager, and possibly even staff members. When applicable, keys can be obtained from lock boxes.

Question 45

Where should lock boxes be located?

Answer 45

Fire Department Key Box has to be located outside the first lock access door in a visible location. In buildings that have 24 hour security, they may be placed inside at the security desk or near the elevator.

Question 46

What is on the fire department keyrings?

Answer 46

Key Rings include keys designed to fit: Our Fire department Key boxes 3 keys in total: 2 for a previous lock and 1 for the newly installed lock (2006-7) Alarm and annunciator panels Color coded that is identified using the laminated index card Standard (common) city padlock – key # 4532 Allen keys and small screwdriver for access to resetting pull stations