Chapter 27.1

Question 1

amine suffix

Answer 1

–amine

Question 2

amine prefix

Answer 2

alkyl

Question 3

If there is another priority
functional group as well
as the amine group or the nh2 is not at the end of the chain

Answer 3

prefix of amino is used

Question 4

primary amines with more than one nh2

Answer 4

prefix: di, tri, etc amino
suffix: longest chain

Question 5

secondary and tertiary amines with the same -r group

Answer 5

prefix: di, tri alkyl
suffix: amine

Question 6

secondary and tertiary amines with the different-r group

Answer 6

give longest chain suffix amine
shorter chains as N prefixes in alphabetical order

Question 7

Primary aliphatic amines act as Bronsted-Lowry Bases because

Answer 7

lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen form a
dative covalent bond with a H+ and so accepting a proton.

Question 8

Primary aliphatic amines are stronger bases than ammonia because

Answer 8

alkyl groups release and push electrons towards the nitrogen atom and so make it a stronger base.

Question 9

why don’t primary aromatic amines e.g. phenylamine form basic solutions?

Answer 9

because the lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen delocalise with the ring of electrons in the benzene ring. n is less able to accept protons

Question 10

Give the order of base strength from weaker to stronger bases.

Answer 10

• Aromatic amines
• Ammonia
• Primary amines
• Tertiary amines
• Secondary amines.

Question 11

What do amines react with acids to form?

Answer 11

Ammonium salts.

Question 12

What does the addition of NaOH to the ammonium salt do?

Answer 12

Will convert it back to the amine.

Question 13

Give a reaction of a primary amine with an acid.

Answer 13

CH₃NH₂+H⁺→CH₃NH₃⁺

Question 14

Give a reaction of a secondary amine with an acid.

Answer 14

(CH₃CH₂)₂NH+H⁺→(CH₃CH₂)₂NH₂⁺

Question 15

Give a reaction of a tertiary amine with an acid.

Answer 15

(CH₃CH₂)₃N -> (CH₃CH₂)₃NH⁺

Question 16

Primary amines can be formed by the—- reaction between haloalkanes and
ammonia

Answer 16

nucleophilic substitution

Question 16

ionic salt formed from amine and acid show that compounds are acid soluble, for example

Answer 16

e.g. Phenylamine is not very soluble in water but phenylammonium chloride is soluble

Question 17

Reaction with ammonia and haloalkane forming primary amine

Answer 17

Excess ammonia dissolved in ethanol is the reagent
1. nucleophile attacks the haloalkane to form an intermediate
2. a second ammonia removes a proton from the
intermediate (acts as base) to form the
amine.

Question 18

Using an excess of ammonia can limit further substitution
reactions and

Answer 18

will maximise the amount of primary amine
formed

Question 19

A primary amine will react with a haloalkane to form

Answer 19

a secondary amine

Question 20

secondary amine will react with a haloalkane to form

Answer 20

a tertiary amine.

Question 21

Reducing nitroarenes(-NO2) to aromatic amines(-NH2)

Answer 21

nitro group reduced to an amine group
Reagent: Sn and concentrated HCl
Conditions: Heating
Mechanism: reduction