Chapter 3 Pt. 5

Question 1

What are the two ways cells break down glucose molecules apart for energy?

Answer 1

(1) Cellular Respiration

(2) Fermentation

Question 2

What is the difference between cellular respiration and fermentation?

Answer 2

(1) Cellular Respiration- requires oxygen

(2) Fermentation- doesn’t require oxygen

Question 3

All of the chemical reactions that take place in a cell constitute its __________

Answer 3

metabolism

Question 4

Cellular respiration and fermentation are examples of _________ __________

Answer 4

catabolic pathways

Question 5

What is the difference between catabolic and anabolic pathways?

Answer 5

catabolic pathways-pathways in which complex molecules are broken down into simpler compounds, releasing energy

anabolic pathways- conversely, build complex molecules from simpler ones and consume energy

Question 6

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

Answer 6

cells breaking down glucose by using oxygen

Question 7

What are the 4 phases of cell respiration?

Answer 7

(1) Glycosis
(2) Transition Reaction
(3) Citric Acid Cycle
(4) Electron transport chain

Question 8

Glycosis:

glyco=______; lysis=________

Answer 8

sugar

splitting

Question 9

Glycosis:

_____= sugar; _____=splitting

Answer 9

glyco

lysis

Question 10

________ begins with the splitting of _______, a 6 carbon sugar, into 2 three-carbon sugars

Answer 10

Glycosis

glucose

Question 11

During _______; 3 carbon sugars are then converted into 2 molecules of pyruvate, another 3 carbon compound

Answer 11

glycosis

Question 12

Glycosis begins with the splitting of glucose, a __ carbon sugar, into __ _____-carbon sugars

Answer 12

6

2 three

Question 13

During glycosis; __ carbon ______ are then converted into __ molecules of __________, another __ carbon __________

Answer 13

3
sugars
2
pyruvate
3
compound

Question 14

During the _________ ________; once inside the inner compartment of the mitochondrion, pyruvate reacts with coenzyme A (CoA)

Answer 14

transition reaction

Question 15

During the transition reaction; once inside the inner compartment of the ____________, _________ reacts with ________ __ (____)

Answer 15

mitochondrion
pyruvate
coenzyme A (CoA)

Question 16

During the transition reaction; results in the removal of one ______ from each ________

Answer 16

carbon

pyruvate

Question 17

During the ________ ________; results in the removal of one carbon from each pyruvate

Answer 17

transition reaction

Question 18

During the _____ _____ _____; still in the inner compartment of the mitochondrion, acetyl CoA reacts with a 4 carbon compound in the first of a cyclic series of 8 chemical reactions

Answer 18

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 19

During the Citric Acid Cycle; still in the inner compartment of the ____________, acetyl CoA reacts with a __ carbon _________ in the first of a cyclic series of 8 chemical reactions

Answer 19

mitochondrion
4
compound

Question 20

During the Citric Acid Cycle; still in the inner compartment of the mitochondrion, ______ ____ reacts with a 4 carbon compound in the first of a _______ series of __ _______ ________

Answer 20

acetyl CoA
cyclic
8 chemical reactions

Question 21

During the ______ _____ ______; named after the first product (citric acid, or citrate) formed along its route

Answer 21

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 22

During the Citric Acid Cycle; named after the first product (______ _____, or ______) formed along its route

Answer 22

citric acid

citrate

Question 23

The citric acid cycle is also known as the _____ _____

Answer 23

Krebs cycle

Question 24

During the ________ ________ ______; the molecules of NADH and FADH2 produced by earlier phases pass their electrons to a series of carrier proteins embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Answer 24

Electron Transport Chain

Question 25

During the Electron Transport Chain; the molecules of ______ and ______ produced by earlier phases pass their electrons to a series of carrier proteins embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Answer 25

NADH | FADH2

Question 26

During the Electron Transport Chain; the molecules of NADH and FADH2 produced by earlier phases pass their _________ to a series of carrier ________ embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Answer 26

electrons | proteins

Question 27

During the Electron Transport Chain; the molecules of NADH and FADH2 produced by earlier phases pass their electrons to a series of carrier proteins embedded in the ______ _________ of the ___________

Answer 27

inner membrane | mitochondrion

Question 28

During the Electron Transport Chain; _______ is released and used to make ____

Answer 28

energy | ATP

Question 29

Where does the glycosis phase of cellular respiration, take place?

Answer 29

cytoplasm

Question 30

Where does the transition reaction phase of cellular respiration, take place?

Answer 30

mitochondria

Question 31

Where does the citric acid cycle phase of cellular respiration, take place?

Answer 31

mitochondria

Question 32

Where does the electron transport chain phase of cellular respiration, take place?

Answer 32

mitochondria

Question 33

Which phase of cellular respiration is this: | several-step process by which glucose is split into 2 pyruvates

Answer 33

glycosis

Question 34

Which phase of cellular respiration is this: | one CO2 is removed from each pyruvate, the resulting molecules bind to CoA, forming 2 acetyl CoA

Answer 34

Transition Reaction

Question 35

Which phase of cellular respiration is this: | cyclic series of 8 chemical reactions by which acetyl CoA is broken down

Answer 35

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 36

Which phase of cellular respiration is this: | electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed from one protein to the next, releasing energy for ATP synthesis

Answer 36

Electron transport chain

Question 37

What are the main products of the glycosis phase of cellular respiration?

Answer 37

2 pyruvate 2 ATP 2 NADH

Question 38

What are the main products of the transition reaction phase of cellular respiration?

Answer 38

2 acetyl CoA | 2 NADH

Question 39

What are the main products of the citric acid cycle phase of cellular respiration?

Answer 39

2 ATP 2 FADH2 6 NADH

Question 40

What are the main products of the electron transition chain phase of cellular respiration?

Answer 40

32 ATP | H2O