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Ecology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

0
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

Greenhouse gasses trap infrared radiation and the earth gets warmer because the energy can’t escape

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1
Q

What are the biggest percent of gases in the atmosphere?

A

N2 and O2

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2
Q

Most prevalent greenhouse gases

A

Water and carbon dioxide

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3
Q

Why is the naturally occurring greenhouse effect beneficial?

A

Maintains earths temperature

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4
Q

Composition of dry air

A

Nitrogen and oxygen

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5
Q

Why has carbon dioxide increased?

A

Combustion of fossil fuels

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6
Q

How do the Suns Rays strike the poles?

A

At an angle

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7
Q

Chlorofluorocarbons

A

Unnatural gases

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8
Q

Sunlight at the earths equator

A

More intense and more direct

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9
Q

Albedo

A

The fraction of solar energy reflected by an object

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10
Q

How is the earth tilted?

A

23.5 degrees

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11
Q

Where is the sun during the March and September equinoxes?

A

Directly over the equator

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12
Q

June solstice

A

The sun is directly over 23.5 degrees north–> Tropic of Cancer

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13
Q

December solstice

A

23.5 degrees south–> Tropic of Capricorn

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14
Q

Solar equator

A

Latitude receiving the most direct Rays of sunlight

Shifts throughout the year

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15
Q

Where is the solar equator in June?

A

23.5 degrees north

16
Q

Where is the solar equator in December?

A

23.5 degrees south

17
Q

What creates seasons?

A

Variation of the solar equator

18
Q

Atmospheric convection currents

A

Circulation of air between surface of earth and atmosphere

19
Q

What happens as air temperature increases ?

A

The more water vapor it can hold

20
Q

What happens if vapor exceeds saturation?

A

Water condenses to liquid or ice

21
Q

When does condensation occur?

A

When the temperature of saturated air decreases

22
Q

Adiabatic cooling

A

The result of air rising expanding and cooling

23
Q

Adiabatic heating

A

The result of air sinking towards earths surface compressing and heating

24
Q

Latent heat release

A

When water is being converted it releases heat and warms the air

25
Q

Hadley cells

A

2 circulation cells of air between the equator at 30 degrees north and south

26
Q

Inter tropical convergence zone

A

Where 2 Hadley cells converge

27
Q

Where is the ITCZ located?

A

Between the Tropic of Cancer and tropic if Capricorn

28
Q

Northeast trade winds

A

Caused by coriolis effect

Winds move from northeast to southwest

29
Q

Coriolis effect

A

The deflection of an object’s path due to the rotation of the Earth

30
Q

Southeast trade winds

A

Move air from north to south

31
Q

Upwelling

A

Upward movement of ocean water

32
Q

ENSO

A

Change in air pressure in Southern Hemisphere

Trade winds weaken or reverse

Ecology (8 decks)

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