Chapter 6 - General Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards by Ernesto Gastelum

The dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is:
A. Cytoplasm 
B. Cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Chromatid

C. Nucleus

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Human cells reproduce by mitosis, dividing into two identical cells called:
A. Mother cells
B. Daughter cells
C. Father cells
D. Son cells

B. Daughter cells

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The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the protoplasm of a cell except for the protoplasm in the nucleus. 
A. Cystine
B. Neuron
C. Cytoplasm
D. Mandible

C. Cytoplasm

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The chemical process through which cells are nourished and carry out their activities is called:
A. Metabolism
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. Respiration

A. Metabolism

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The constructive phase of metabolism is called:
A. Anabolism
B. Catabolism
C. Mitosis
D. Meiosis

A. Anabolism

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Which type of tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body?
A. Nerve tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Connective tissue
D. Epithelial tissue

B. Muscle tissue

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The basic unit of all living things is the:
A. Anatomy
B. Cell
C. Muscle
D. Nerve

B. Cell

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Which type of tissue lines the heart, the digestive and respiratory organs?
A. Nerve tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Connective tissue
D. Epithelial tissue

D. Epithelial tissue

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The connection between two or more bones is called a:
A. Ligament
B. Joint
C. Tendon
D. Muscle

B. Joint

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The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee. 
A. Patella
B. Fibula
C. Tibia
D. Femur

C. Tibia

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The oval, bony case that protects the brain is:
A. Cranium
B. Facial skeleton
C. Hyoid bone
D. Thorax

A. Cranium

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The maxillae bones form the:
A. Lower jaw
B. Upper jaw
C. Upper arm
D. Forearm

B. Upper jaw

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The two bones that form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium the:
A. Parietal bones
B. Occipital bones
C. Lacrimal bones
D. Zygomatic bones

A. Parietal bones

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The inner and larger bone in the forearm, attached to the wrist and located on the side of the little finger is the:
A. Carpus
B. Ulna
C. Metacarpus
D. Radius

B. Ulna

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The foot is made up of \_\_\_\_\_ bones. 
A. 6
B. 11
C. 18
D. 26

D. 26

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Which muscles are also known as the smooth muscles?
A. Nonstriated muscles
B. Cardiac muscles
C. Striated muscles
D. Trapezius muscles

A. Nonstriated muscles

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The part of the muscle that does not move is the :
A. Belly
B. Insertion
C. Origin
D. Tendon

C. Origin

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The broad muscle that covers the top of the head is the:
A. Temporal
B. Epicranius
C. Deltoid
D. Occipital

B. Epicranius

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The \_\_\_\_\_\_ are the muscles that straighten the wrist, hand and fingers to form a straight line. 
A. Extensors
B. Pronators
C. Supinators
D. Flexors

A. Extensors

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The muscles at the base of the fingers that draw the fingers together are the:

A. Flexors
B. Abductors
C. Extonsors
D. Adductors

D. Adductors

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The system of nerves that carries impulses or messages to and from the central nervous system is called:
A. Involuntary nervous system
B. Voluntary nervous system
C. Autonomic nerve system
D. Peripheral nervous system

D. Peripheral nervous system

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Sensory nerve endings called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are located close to the surface of the skin. 
A. Reactors
B. Receptors
C. Capillaries
D. Aural neurons

B. Receptors

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The largest artery in the human body is the:
A. Jugular
B. Ventricle
C. Aorta
D. Cartoid

C. Aorta

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The main blood supply of the arms and hands are the:
A. Facial and superficial arteries
B. Ulnar and radial arteries
C. Radial and posterior arteries
D. Ulnar and external jugular arteries

B. Ulnar and radial arteries

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The popliteal artery supplies blood to the foot and divides into two separate arteries known as: A. Anterior tibial and posterior arteries B. Anterior tibial and dorsal pedis arteries C. Internal and external jugular arteries D. Supraorbital and infraorbital arteries

A. Anterior tibial and posterior arteries

``` The _______ is the primary nasal muscle of concern to cosmotologists: A. Platysmua B. Procerus C. Popliteal D. Pronator ```

B. Procerus

The mental nerve affects the skin of the: A. Lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip and mouth B. Nose C. Forehead, scalp, eyebrow and upper eyelid D. Lower lip and chin

D. Lower lip and chin

``` The _________ cranial nerve is the chief motor nerve of the face. A. Fourth B. Fifth C. Sixth D. Seventh ```

D. Seventh

``` The greater occipital nerve is located at the __________ of the head and affects the scalp as far up as the top of the head. A. Top B. Back C. Left side D. Right side ```

B. Back

``` The median nerve supplies impulses to the : A. Fingers B. Wrist C. Arm and hand D. Arm and wrist ```

C. Arm and hand

``` The deep peroneal nerve is located in the: A. Front of the arm B. Front of the leg C. Back of the leg D. Back of the arm ```

B. Front of the leg

``` Valves are structures that temporarily close a passage or permit blood to flow in: A. All directions B. Only two directions C. Only one direction D. Only three directions ```

C. Only one direction

``` Deoxygenated blood flows from the body into the: A. Left atrium B. Right atrium C. Left ventricle D. Right ventricle ```

B. Right atrium

``` White blood cells are also known as: A. Leukocytes B. Hemoglobin C. Platelets D. Capillaries ```

A. Leukocytes

``` Blood _______ the body's temperature. A. Has no effect upon B. Plays a role in equalizing C. Is the only factor affecting D. Is only capable of raising ```

B. Plays a role in equalizing

``` The ________ supplies blood to the muscles of the eye. A. Inferior labial artery B. Infraorbital nerve C. Infraorbital artery D. Intratrochlear nerve ```

C. Infraorbital artery

``` The ________ drain(s) the tissue spaces of excess interstitial fluid. A. Capillaries B. Lymphatic system C. Lymph nodes D. Middle temporal artery ```

B. Lymphatic system

``` The ________ is a gland of the endocrine system that secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins and fats. A. Spleen B. Thyroid C. Lymph node D. Pancreas ```

D. Pancreas

``` The _______ glands secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes of the body, including the fight-or-flight response. A. Exocrine B. Adrenal C. Endocrine D. Pituitary ```

B. Adrenal

``` Digestive _________ are chemicals that change certain types of food into soluble form that can be used by the body. A. Exocrines B. Endocrines C. Enzymes D. Platelets ```

C. Enzymes

``` The organ that controls the body is: A. Heart B. Brain C. Liver D. Stomach ```

B. Brain

``` The organ that controls the body's vision: A. Kidneys B. Lungs C. Intestines D. Eyes ```

D. Eyes

``` The heart is the organ that circulates the body's: A. Lymph B. Blood C. Water D. Spinal fluid ```

B. Blood

``` The organs that excretes water and waste products are the: A. Intestines B. Lungs C. Kidneys D. Eyes ```

C. Kidneys

``` The lungs supply _______ to the blood. A. Hydrogen B. Nitrogen C. Oxygen D. Carbon dioxide ```

C. Oxygen

``` The _______ is the organ that removes waste created by digestion. A. Stomach B. Liver C. Intestine D. Kidney ```

B. Liver

``` The _______ covers the body and is the external protective coating. A. Scapula B. Blood C. Skin D. Exoskeleton ```

C. Skin

``` The _______ are the organs that digest food. A. Intestines and kidneys B. Intestines and liver C. Intestines and stomach D. Kidneys and stomach ```

C. Intestines and stomach

``` The ________ system controls the steady movement of the blood through the body. A. Integumentary B. Circulatory C. Respiratory D. Lymphatic ```

B. Circulatory

``` The _______ system changes food into nutrients and wastes. A. Lymphatic B. Endocrine C. Integumentary D. Digestive ```

D. Digestive

``` The _______ system affects the growth, development, sexual functions and health of the entire body. A. Endocrine B. Excretory C. Digestive D. Reproductive ```

A. Endocrine

``` The _________ system serves as a protective coating and helps regulate the body's temperature. A. Lymphatic B. Integumentary C. Skeletal D. Nervous ```

B. Integumentary

``` The _______ system protects the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying disease-causing toxins and bacteria. A. Skeletal B. Respiratory C. Endocrine D. Lymphatic ```

D. Lymphatic

``` The ___________ system covers, shapes and supports the skeleton tissue. A. Skeletal B. Muscular C. Nervous D. Integumentary ```

B. Muscular

``` The ________ system controls and coordinates all other systems inside and outside of the body and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently. A. Lymphatic B. Endocrine C. Integumentary D. Nervous ```

D. Nervous

``` The _______ system controls the processes by which plants and animals produce offspring. A. Reproductive B. Genetic C. Hereditary D. Familial ```

A. Reproductive

``` The ________ system enables breathing, supplying the body with oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide as a waste product. A. Nervous B. Reproductive C. Respiratory D. Endocrine ```

C. Respiratory

``` The ________ system forms the physical foundation of the body. A. Skeletal B. Muscular C. Nervous D. Reproductive ```

A. Skeletal

``` The study of the human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye and how the body parts are organized is: A. Physiology B. Histology C. Myology D. Anatomy ```

D. Anatomy

``` Physiology is the study of the functions and activities performed by the : A. Body's elements B. Body's structures C. Body shapes D. Body's muscles ```

B. Body's structures

``` The study of tiny structures found in living tissues is known as histology or: A. Microanatomy B. Microscopic physiology C. Microscopic anatomy D. Microphysiology ```

C. Microscopic anatomy

``` Neurology is the study of structure, function and pathology of the: A. Muscular system B. Integumentary system C. Skeletal system D. Nervous system ```

D. Nervous system

``` The study of the nature, structure and disease of the muscles is: A. Anatomy B. Myology C. Histology D. Physiology ```

B. Myology

``` Osteology is the study of the anatomy, structure and function of the: A. Bones B. Nerves C. Muscles D. Skin ```

A. Bones

The cells of all living things are composed of? a. protoplasm b. cytoplasm c. proteins d. carbohydrates

a. protoplasm

Most sells reproduce by dividing into? a. 6 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8

b. 2

Nerve tissue carries message to the brain by special cells called? a. electron b. metabolism c. protons. d. neurons

d. neurons

Which of the following is also known microscopic anatomy? a. anatomy b. physiology c. physics d. histology

d. histology

The basic unit of all living things is: a. bacteria b. cells c. plasma d. blood

b. cells

The protoplasm of a cell that surrounds the nucleus is the: a. cell membrane b. self-repair fluid c. mitosis d. cytoplasm

d. cytoplasm

Unfavorable conditions for mitosis include: a. toxins b. disease c. injury d. all of the above

d. all of the above

The chemical process in living organisms whereby cells are nourished and carry out their activities is: a. mistosis b. anabolism c. metabolism d. reproduction

a. mistosis

The phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within the cells into smaller ones is: a. catabolism b. anabolism c. cell division d. mitosis

a. catabolism

The tissue that binds together, protects and supports parts of the body is: a. nerve tissue b. connective tissue c. epithelial tissue d. muscle tissue

b. connective tissue

Structures composed of specialized tissues designed to perform specific functions in pants and animals are: a. cells b. hormones c. organs d. neurons

c. organs

The physical foundation of the body consisting of bones connected by joints is the: a. nervous system b. skeletal system c. muscular system d. endocrine system

b. skeletal system

The facial skeleton has how many bones? a. 6 b. 8 c. 12 d. 14

d. 14

The bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the: a. temporal b. mandible c. occipital d. frontal

c. occipital

The bone that forms the forehead is the: a. parietal b. frontal c. occipital d. hyoid

b. frontal

Two bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region are the: a. temporal bones b. parietal bones c. frontal bones d. occipital bones

a. temporal bones

The bone that joins all of the bones in the cranium together is the: a. ethmoid bone b. parietal bone c. malar bone d. sphenoid bone

d. sphenoid bone

The cheekbones are also called the malar bones or: a. hyoid bones b. lacrimal bones c. ethmoid bones d. zygomatic bones

d. zygomatic bones

The elastic, bony cage that acts as a protective framework for the heart and lungs is the: a. ribs b. thorax c. scapula d. clavicle

b. thorax

The uppermost and largest bone of the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder is the: a. hyoid b. humerous c. ulna d. carpus

b. humerous

The inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached at the wrist and located on the side of the little finger, is the: a. humerous b. carpus c. ulna d. radius

c. ulna

The bones on the fingers or digits are called: a. phalanges b. metacarpus c. scapula d. carpus

a. phalanges

The heavy, long bone that forms the leg above the knee is called the: a. femur b. tibia c. fibula d. patella

a. femur

The ankle joint is composed of how many bones? a. 9 b. 6 c. 4 c. 3

a. 9

The cranium is made up of how many bones? a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 14

c. 12

The largest and strongest bone in the face is: a. mandible b. maxillae c. frontalis d. zygomanicum

a. mandible

The smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb is: a. humerous b. carpals c. radius d. ulna

c. radius

Three parts of the muscle are? a. origin, insertion, and center b. anterior, posterior and belly c. front, back, side d. top, bottom, center

a. origin, insertion, and center

Muscles that are attached to bones and are voluntary or consciously controlled are: a. nonstriated muscles b. striated muscles c. cardiac muscles d. insertion muscles

b. striated muscles

The part of the muscle at the movable attachment to the skeleton is the: a. ligament b. tendon c. insertion d. origin

c. insertion

Pressure in the massage is usually directed from the: a. insertion to beginning b. insertion to origin c. origin to insertion d. front to sides

b. insertion to origin

The muscle of the scalp that raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead is the: a. occipitalis b. masseter c. temporalis d. frontalis

d. frontalis

The muscle of the neck that lowers and rotates the head is the: a. sterncleidomastoideus b. temporalis c. masseter d. aponeurosis

a. sterncleidomastoideus

The ring muscle of the eye socket that enables you to close you eyes is the: a. temporal oculi b. corrugator muscle c. orbicularis oculi d. latissimus

c. orbicularis oculi

The muscle that draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically is: a. corrugator muscle b. masseter muscle c. orbicularis oculi muscle d. epicranius muscle

a. corrugator muscle

The muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back is the: a. corrugator muscle b. pectoralis minor c. latissimus dorsi d. trapezius

d. trapezius

Extensor muscles that turn the hand inward so the palm faces downward are: a. extensors b. supinators c. pronators d. extensors

c. pronators

Muscles that separate the fingers are: a. abductors b. pronators c. adductors d. extensors

a. abductors

The nervous system as a whole is divided into how many main subdivisions? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6

b. 3

The nervous system that controls the voluntary functions of the five senses is the: a. peripheral b. autonomic c. central d. voluntary

a. peripheral

The largest and most complex nerve tissue of the body is the: a. spinal cord b. neurons c. brain d. axon

c. brain

The largest of the cranial nerves is the: a. sensory nerve b. mandibular nerve c. fifth cranial nerve d. opthalmic nerve

c. fifth cranial nerve

The chief motor nerve of the face is? a. first cranial nerve b. fifth cranial nerve c. seventh cranial nerve d. first cranial nerve

c. seventh cranial nerve

Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg? a. sural nerve b. common peroneal nerve c. saphenous nerve d. dorsal nerve

a. sural nerve

A lower, thick-walled chamber of the heart is the: a. atrium b. mitral valve c. ventricle d. pericardium

c. ventricle

Thin-walled blood vessels that are less elastic than arteries and located closer to the skin surface are: a. buccinators b. capillaries c. veins d. arteries

c. veins

Which blood component gives blood its color? a. white blood cells b. hemoglobin c. platelets d. plasma

b. hemoglobin

The main arteries that supply blood to the head, neck and face are the: a. common carotid arteries b. common aorta arteries c. internal jugular d. serratus anterior arteries

a. common carotid arteries

The lymphatic system is also referred to as the: a. immune system b. integumentary system c. nervous system d. digestive system

a. immune system

What does the lymphatic system destroy? a. food b. calories c. microorganisms d. protein

c. microorganisms

What system is also related to the lymphatic system? a. cardiovascular (circulatory) system b. digestive system c. integumentary system d. bronchi system

a. cardiovascular (circulatory) system

Where does the lymph fluid return to? a. the lungs b. the blood, from where it originated c. the stomach d. the thyroid

b. the blood, from where it originated

Ductless glands that release secretion of hormones directly into the bloodstream are: a. endocrine glands b. digestive glands c. exocrine glands d. sweat glands

a. endocrine glands

Insulin, adrenaline and estrogen are examples of: a. digestive enzymes b. waste products c. hormones d. proteins

c. hormones

Spongy tissues composed of microscopic cells in which inhaled air is exchanged for the carbon dioxide during one breathing cycle are: a. glands b. lungs c. pancreas d. integumentary system

b. lungs

The word integument means: a. skin b. hormone c. natural covering d. gland

c. natural covering

Name a type of of exocrine gland: a. digestive b. thymus c. pineal d. sweat and oil

d. sweat and oil

What is the main function of the digestive enzyme? a. exchanges gases b. changes food into a form that can be used by the body c. provide nutrients d. removes toxins

b. changes food into a form that can be used by the body

How long does the entire food digestion process take? a. 20 minutes b. 4 hours c. 9 hours d. 24 hours

c. 9 hours

The excretory system removes ______ from the body: a. digestive enzymes b. waste products c. hormones d. proteins

b. waste products

What muscle separates the thorax from the abdominal wall? a. abdominals b. external obliques c. diaphragm d. rectus abdominus

c. diaphragm

What system is responsible for the creation of life? a. reproductive system b. integumentary system c. endocrine system d. bronchi system

a. reproductive system

Chapter 6 - General Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards

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