Classifying Microbes Flashcards Preview

BMS 191 > Classifying Microbes > Flashcards

Flashcards in Classifying Microbes Deck (18)
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1
Q

Taxonomy

A

A field of science that deals with 3 separate but related areas

2
Q

Classification

A

The process of arranging organisms into groups (or taxa)

3
Q

Nomenclature

A

The assignment of names to various taxa

4
Q

Identification

A

The process of determining whether organism belong within one of the established taxa, or should be assigned to a new taxa

5
Q

Binomial system

A

Each organism is given two names
First name = Genus
Second name = Specific epithet
Together = Species

6
Q

Classification of bacteria steps

A
Nomenclature
Shape
Cell wall composition
Morphology
Mortile or non
Pathogenic or non
Sensitivity or resistance to antibiotics or chemicals
Lactose or no lactose fermenting
Oxygen requirements
7
Q

Shapes of bacteria

A

Spherical (cocci)
Rod (Bacilli)
Spiral (Spirilla)

8
Q

Cell wall compositions and how this is identified

A
Gram positive
Gram negative
blue/purple dye = gram positive
Red/pink = gram negative
For mycobacterium cell wall has waxes - use acid-fast strain (appears as red)
9
Q

Morphology

A
Rapid division (binary fission) produces a mound of bacteria (colony) that can be seen by the naked eye
Features include:
Size
Colour
Overal Shape
Elevation
Margin
10
Q

Motile vs non

A

Possess flagella and are able to move vs no flagella

11
Q

Types of oxygen requirements

A
Obligate aerobes
Obligate anaerobes
Microaerophiles
Aerotolerant anaerobes
Facultative anaerobes
12
Q

Obligate aerobes

A

Bacteria that have an absolute requirement for an atmosphere with around 20% oxygen (room air)

13
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

Bacteria that can only grow in an anaerobic environment(no oxygen)

14
Q

Microaerophiles

A

Bacteria that also have an absolute requirement for an oxygen containing atmosphere but require a lot less (around 5%)

15
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobes

A

Bacteria that can grow in an atmosphere with oxygen, but they grow better in atmospheres with no oxygen

16
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Bacteria that are capable fo surviving in atmospheres that either contain or do not contain oxygen (tolerate 0%-20% oxygen levels)

17
Q

Rickettsia and chlamydia unique features

A

Both gram negative

Both obligate intracellular pathogen (must live within host)

18
Q

Mycoplasmas unique features

A

Smallest cellular microbes
Do not possess a cell wall
Can take on different shapes
resistant to antibiotics e.g mycoplasma pneumonia