“dir” command
Windows command-Used to list files and directories
○ Mkdir, chdir, rmdir
§ Md- make directory (will be made in current file path)
§ Rm- remove directory (the one in the file path)
§ Cd- change directory
§ Use backslash to further specify folder paths
§ Cd ..- used to go back in the directory
“hostname”
○ This command will identify the computer name
“format”
○ Can be used to format new partitions
“copy”
○ windows command- Can copy files in a path
○ Can use /v to verify the files are written correctly
○ Can use /y to skip verification prompts
○ “xcopy”- can be used to copy all the contents in every folder under current directory you’re working from
“robocopy” (robust copy)
○ windows command- Recommended to use “robocopy /?” To get a look at all the command possibilities, it’s called robust for a reason
- will do/have more copying capabilities
- often used for backing up and syncing files
“shutdown”
○windows command “shutdown /s”- shutdown
§ Add “/t”- shuts down after “nn” seconds
○ “shutdown /r”- restart
-/h= hibernation/sleep mode
-/l= lock
“Diskpart”
○ windows command- Manage disk configurations
○ “listdisk”
○ “listvolume”
“winver”
Current windows version
“gpupdate”
-Windows command “gpupdate”- can use /force
○ Can also use “target:____ /force” to make it happen on certain machine
○ “gpresult /rqq”- shows GPO polices and setups
○ Can log out and back in to apply there as well
“ipconfig”
-windows command
shows networked configuration details for the machine
“ping”
can see if you machine can communicate with other hosts or servers
“netstat”
shows many network statistics
○ “netstat -a, -b
“net”
common network resource commands
○ “net view”
-Typing “net” will show you available commands
“tracert”
determine the route a packet takes to a destination
-can be used to find hiccups in network communication path
○ Maps the whole path ○ Takes advantage of ICMP Time to Live Exceeded error messages § The time in TTL refers to hops, not seconds or minutes § TTL exceeded error will have an IP address where the error was savedp Each hop sends these messages back to the host to show how many routers/hops a tracert goes through to get to the target
“pathping”
combines ping and tracert
○ First phase runs a trace route
○ Second phase measures round trip time and packet loss at each hop
“defrag ‘volume’”
○ Runs disk defrag on that volume
“df” command
Linux command for viewing disc and it’s used and free space
-“df -h” to view in human readable sizes
“ls” command
Linux command for listing directory contents
-May be color coded, blue for directory, red for file
-add “-l” to see more, and “-l | more” for page by page
“tar” command
Linux command for creating and managing archive files for tape drives and backups, for any file
-easy to script into backup schedule
“sdelete” (command)
- file level overwriting command on Windows
- full delete, unrecoverable
“ip route” (command)
- Linux command for viewing and manipulating the IP routing table
“nano” (command)
Linux command that provides a full-screen text editor, can be used to edit files in the command line
-Syntax= “nano ‘filename’”
“ps” (command)
- Linux command for viewing the current processes
- use “ps -e” to view all processes, including those for other users
- Like viewing Task Manager but in the command line, but on Linux
“rm” (command)
- Linux command- removes a file or directory
- a directory must be empty to be removed, or must be removed with “-r”
