Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Cranial nerves leave the brain through..

Answer 1

Foramina or fissures

Question 2

PNS cranial nerves

Answer 2

12 nerves
Attach directly to the brain
Can be sensory or motor or both

Question 3

CN 1 Olfactory:

Function-

Location-

Sensory or motor-

Answer 3

Smell

Anterior cranial fossa- fibers travel through the cribriform plate

Pure sensory

Question 4

CN 2 optic:

Function-

Location-

Sensory or motor-

Answer 4

Sight

Optic canal to posterior globe

Sensory

Question 5

CN 3 oculomotor:

Function-

Location-

S or M-

Answer 5

Extra ocular movement

Superior orbital fissure

Motor

Question 6

CN 4 trochlear:

Function-

Location-

S or M-

Answer 6

Extra ocular movement

Superior orbital fissure

Motor

Question 7

CN 5 trigeminal:

Known as the _____ cranial nerve

Motor or sensory

Answer 7

Largest

Both

Question 8

CN 5 trigeminal 3 divisions:

Answer 8

Opthalmic 5-1
Maxillary 5-2
Mandibular 5-3

Question 9

CN 5-1 opthalmic (smallest)

Function-

Location-

S or M-

Answer 9

Sensory to forehead region

Superior orbital fissure

Sensory

Question 10

3 branches of 5-1 opthalmic:

S or M-

Location-

Answer 10

All sensory

Go to forehead

Question 11

CN 5-2 maxillary:

Function:

Location:

Major branches:

Answer 11

Sensory (afferent)

Foramen rotundum

Maxillary sinuses
Nasal cavity
Palate
Skin around

Question 12

Branches of 5-2:

Answer 12

Zygomatic nerve
Infraorbital nerve
ASA/MSA
Posterior superior alveolar nerve (PSA)
Pterygopalatine ganglion 
Nasopalatine nerve

Question 13

5-2 branch- zygomatic nerve

Function-

Location-

Answer 13

Sensory for lacrimal gland, skin of cheek, and temporal area

Enters pterygopalatine fossa from the inferior orbital fissure

Question 14

5-2 branch - infraorbital nerve

Function-

Location-

Answer 14

Direct anterior continuation of V2, sensory, loser eyelid, upper lip, side of nose

Anterior superior alveolar
Middle superior alveolar
Passes through infraorbital Foramen creating ASA and MSA

Question 15

5-2 branch of infraorbital- ASA/MSA

Function-

M or s-

Answer 15

ASA: Max ant teeth, labial gingiva and periodontium
MSA: Max premolars and mesial buccal root, Max 1st molar, buccal gingiva and periodontium

*MSA exists in about 27% of people

Sensory

Question 16

5-2 branch- posterior superior alveolar (PSA)-

Function-

Location-

Answer 16

Maxillary molars except the mesial buccal root of the 1st molar, surrounds periodontium

Arises after the pterygopalatine ganglion

Question 17

5-2 branch- pterygopalatine ganglion

Function-

3 branches:

Answer 17

Sensory

Lesser- area posterior to its Foramen (soft palate and palatine tonsils)
Greater- posterior palatial gingiva
Naso- anterior palatal tissue

• foramen b/w 8-9
• palatal tissues b/w 6-11

Question 18

5-2 branch- nasopalatine nerve

Function-

Location-

S or M-

Answer 18

Anterior palatal tissues 6-11, may contribute to anterior teeth

May anastomose with the greater palatine nerve

Sensory

Question 19

5-3 Mandibular

Function-

Location-

Answer 19

Sensory and motor

Passes through foramen ovale

*ROS

Question 20

5-3 motor branches off Mandibular-

*muscles of mastication + mylohyoid

Nerves:

Answer 20

Temporal nerves
Masseteric nerve
Mesial and lateral pterygoid nerves
Mylohyoid nerve- floor of mouth

Question 21

5-3 sensory branches off Mandibular:

Answer 21

Buccal, auriculotemporal, lingual, inferior alveolar, mental, incisive

Question 22

Sensory branches of V3

Buccal:

Auriculotemporal:

Answer 22

Buccal mucosa and buccal gingiva associated with the Mandibular molars.

Ear and skin surrounding the ear

Question 23

Sensory branches of V3-

Lingual:

Inferior alveolar:

Answer 23

Body of tongue, floor of mouth and lingual Mandibular gingiva. Travels with chordatympani.

Between army’s and sphenomandibular ligament, enters mandibular foramen

Question 24

Sensory branches off V3-

Mental:

Incisive:

Answer 24

Facial soft tissues and Buccal mucosa from foramen anteriorly

2nd premolar anterior with Buccal gingiva and periodontium.

• considered the terminal branch of IA
• both are branches of IA

Question 25

CN 6 Abducens Function Location S or M

Answer 25

Extra ocular movement Superior orbital fissure Pure motor *lazy eye

Question 26

What cranial nerves have the function extra ocular movement

Answer 26

3,4, 6

Question 27

CN 7 Facial Function Location Branches with parotid gland

Answer 27

Sensory and motor Stylomastoid foramen Chordatympani for the ant 2/3 of tongue (sublingual and submandibular gland) Paralysis

Question 28

5 branches of CN 7 Facial

Answer 28

``` Temporal Zygomatic Bi cal Marginal mandibular Cervical ``` *hand to face

Question 29

CN 8 Acoustic Function Location S or M

Answer 29

Hearing and equilibrium Internal acoustic meatus Pure sensory

Question 30

CN 9 Glossopharyngeal Function Location S or M

Answer 30

Motor- to muscles of soft palate, parotid gland and middle ear Sensory- post 1/3 of tongue Exits through jugular foramen Mixed

Question 31

CN 10 Vagus Function Location S or M

Answer 31

Most smooth muscles of the body, cardiac muscles and glands Exits jugular *extends more than any other CN Mixed "Soft palate nerve"

Question 32

CN 11 Spinal Accessory Function Location S or M

Answer 32

Trapezius and SCM Exits jugular foramen Pure motor

Question 33

CN 12 Hypoglossal Function Location S or M

Answer 33

Tongue muscles and contributes to trapezius, SCM, soft palate and pharynx Hypoglossal canal (skull) Pure motor