Physical appearance when RBC is present
Turbidity
Red color
Chemical Result when RBC is present
+ Protein
+ Blood
Physical Appearance when WBC is present
Turbidity
Chemical Result when WBC is present
+ Protein
+ Leukocyte Esterase
Physical Appearance when Epithelial Cell is present
Turbidity
Chemical Result when Cast is present
+ Protein
Physical Appearance when Bacteria is present
Turbidity
Chemical Result when Bacteria is present
pH
+ Nitrite
+ Leukocyte Esterase
Physical Appearance when Crystals are present
Turbidity
Color
Chemical Result when Crystals are present
pH
+ Bilirubin (color)