Database & Analytics

Question 1

QLDB

Answer 1

QLDB stands for ”Quantum Ledger Database”

• A ledger is a book recording financial transactions
• FullyManaged,Serverless,Highavailable,Replicationacross3AZ
• Used to review history of all the changes made to your application data over time
• Immutable system: no entry can be removed or modified, cryptographically verifiable
• 2-3x better performance than common ledger blockchain frameworks, manipulate data using SQL
• Difference with Amazon Managed Blockchain: no decentralization component, in accordance with
  financial regulation rules

Question 2

Elasticache

Answer 2

Managed Redis or Memcached

• In-memory database with high performance
• Offloads databases

Question 3

EMR

Answer 3

EMR stands for “Elastic MapReduce”

• EMR helps creating Hadoop clusters (Big Data) to analyze and process vast amount of data
• The clusters can be made of hundreds of EC2 instances
• Also supports Apache Spark, HBase, Presto, Flink…
• EMR takes care of all the provisioning and configuration
• Auto-scaling and integrated with Spot instances
• Use cases: data processing, machine learning, web indexing, big data…

Question 4

DocumentDB

Answer 4

** DocumentDB is the same for MongoDB (which is a NoSQL database)**

• MongoDB is used to store, query, and index JSON data
• Similar “deployment concepts” as Aurora
• Fully Managed, highly available with replication across 3 AZ
• DocumentDB storage automatically grows in increments of 10GB
• Automatically scales to workloads with millions of requests per seconds

Question 5

DynamoDB

Answer 5

Key value database

• Fully Managed Highly available with replication across 3 AZ
• NoSQL database - not a relational database
• Scales to massive workloads, distributed “serverless” database
• Millions of requests per seconds, trillions of row, 100s of TB of storage * Fast and consistent in performance
• Single-digit millisecond latency – low latency retrieval
• Integrated with IAM for security, authorization and administration
• Low cost and auto scaling capabilities
• Standard & Infrequent Access (IA) Table Class

Question 6

Redshift

Answer 6

Redshift is based on PostgreSQL, but it’s not used for OLTP

• It’s OLAP – online analytical processing (analytics and data warehousing) * Load data once every hour, not every second
• 10x better performance than other data warehouses, scale to PBs of data
• Columnar storage of data (instead of row based)
• Massively Parallel Query Execution (MPP), highly available
• Pay as you go based on the instances provisioned
• Has a SQL interface for performing the queries
• BI tools such as AWS Quicksight or Tableau integrate with it

Question 7

Athena

Answer 7

Serverless query service to analyze data stored in Amazon S3

• Uses standard SQL language to query the files
• SupportsCSV,JSON,ORC,Avro,andParquet(builtonPresto)
• Pricing: $5.00 per TB of data scanned
• Use compressed or columnar data for cost-savings (less scan)
• Use cases: Business intelligence / analytics / reporting, analyze &
  query VPC Flow Logs, ELB Logs, CloudTrail trails, etc…
• Exam Tip: analyze data in S3 using serverless SQL, use Athena

Question 8

QuickSight

Answer 8

Serverless machine learning-powered business intelligence service to create interactive dashboards

• Fast, automatically scalable, embeddable, with per-session pricing
• Use cases:
• Business analytics
• Building visualizations
• Perform ad-hoc analysis
• Get business insights using data
• Integrated with RDS, Aurora, Athena, Redshift, S3…

Question 9

AMB

Answer 9

Amazon Managed Blockchain

• Blockchain makes it possible to build applications where multiple parties can execute transactions without the need for a trusted, central authority.
• Amazon Managed Blockchain is a managed service to: * Join public blockchain networks
• Or create your own scalable private network
• Compatible with the frameworks Hyperledger Fabric & Ethereum

Question 10

Glue

Answer 10

Managed extract, transform, and load (ETL) service

Useful to prepare and transform data for analytics
* Fully serverless service
S3 Bucket Amazon RDS
Extract
Glue ETL
Transform
Load
* Glue Data Catalog: catalog of datasets * can be used by Athena, Redshift, EMR

Question 11

DMS

Answer 11

database migration service

Quickly and securely migrate databases

to AWS, resilient, self healing
* The source database remains available during the migration
* Supports:
* Homogeneous migrations: ex Oracle to
Oracle
* Heterogeneous migrations: ex Microsoft SQL Server to Aurora

Question 12

Neptune

Answer 12

Fully managed graph database

• A popular graph dataset would be a social network
• Users have friends
• Posts have comments
• Comments have likes from users
• Users share and like posts…
• Highly available across 3 AZ, with up to 15 read replicas
• Build and run applications working with highly connected
  datasets – optimized for these complex and hard queries
• Can store up to billions of relations and query the graph with milliseconds latency
• Highly available with replications across multiple AZs
• Great for knowledge graphs (Wikipedia), fraud detection,
  recommendation engines, social networking

Question 13

Timestream

Answer 13

Fully managed, fast, scalable, serverless time
series database

• Automatically scales up/down to adjust capacity
• Store and analyze trillions of events per day
• 1000s times faster & 1/10th the cost of
  relational databases
• Built-in time series analytics functions (helps you identify patterns in your data in near real-time)

Question 14

RDS

Answer 14

Relational Database Service

Managed database using SQL
* Postgres
* MySQL
* MariaDB
* Oracle
* Microsoft SQL Server
* Aurora

Question 15

Aurora

Answer 15

Proprietary technology
Implements support for PostgresSLQ and MySQL
Cloud optimized
5x over MsSQL on RDS, 3x over Poestgres

Question 16

Three ways to scale RDS

Answer 16

• Read replicas
• Multi-AZ
• Multi-region