Who are the OT theorists of Developmental FOR?
Lela Llorens and Ann Mosey
Behavior is influenced by ________
mastery of stages of development
__________ influences mastery of the stage
interaction with the environment
Points of stress related to ________, results in onset, or maintains and/or exacerbates an illness.
missed developmental milestones
Explain Mosey’s Recapitulation of Ontogeny:
When there is a developmental lag or loss of skills, the skills must be learned or relearned in the correct developmental sequence.
To measure dysfunction look for:
a. abnormality or lack of physical maturation
b. severe environmental stress
c. lack of environmental supports necessary for development of skill components
The overarching goal is to help the client master ____ of the stages of development that are appropriate to the client’s age and expected environment
ALL
Group designs may include:
a. Aggregate of individuals
b. parallel group
c. project level group
d. egocentric-cooperative group
e. cooperative group
f. mature group
Other theorists of developmental theory include the following:
- Jung
- Erikson
- Levinson
- Kohlberg and Wilcox
- Gilligan
What are the 4 basic stages that Jung divided the life’s course into?
- Childhood (blissful ignorance)
- Youth (onset of consciousness, doubts, problems, contradictions)
- Mid-life (35-40 -focus on occupation, marriage and family; after 40-focus on spiritual growth and development; polarity occurs!)
- Old age (acceptance of death, search for after life)
Erikson’s approach was similar to Jung’s but more _______ focused.
psychosocially
Erikson exnteded Freud’s fixation/conflict hypotheses to include a breakdown of the _____ stages.
adult
Which theorist focused primarily on adult life transitions?
Levinson
The functional tasks of each transition include:
a. re-evaluate the existing life structure
b. explore the possibilities of change
c. make choices that will restructure life in the next period
Levinson’s early adult stages included:
- Forming the ream
- The mentor relationship
- Choosing an occupation
- Marriage and Family
Levinson’s Midlife Transitions includes:
- Reappraising the past
- Modifying the Life Structure
- Individuation at Mid-Life (young vs old; destruction vs creation)
Levinson’s Late Life Transitions include:
- Physical Decline
- Loss of Productive Role
- Coming to terms with death
Kohlberg and Wilcox Preconventional Stage is from what years?
2 to 4. Decisions made on punishment and reward. stage
1: no ability to emphathize
2: makes deals with authority
Kohl and Wil’s conventional stage appears at what age?
6 +. People pleasers.
- self is good; authority fair; ppl get best treatment
- law and order; rules are necessary, only one system right
Kohls and Will’s 5th and 6th post-convnentional stage is at what age?
11-12. Fairness is logical
- Individual’s rights and human dignity can override rules; empathy influences decisions; right and wrong are separate from rules
- ideal stage; rarely encountered in reality; unconditional value of rights of humanity; emphathizes with all participants in a moral dilemma; creatively resolves polarity and contradictions
What theorist suggests that all previous theories are flawed due to over dependence on male viewpoints?
Gilligan
What is the role of the therapist is developmental FOR?
Directive or Facilitative depending on the developmental challenge
Coles 7 steps:
remain intact but modified according to group’s skill level
- Activities
- Sharing and Processing
- Generalization and Application
Mosey’s adaptive skills
- infancy to birth: trust vs mistrust
- toddlerhood (2-4): autonomy vs. shame
- early school (5-7): initiative vs. guilt
- school years (8-12): industry vs. inferiority
- early adolescence (13-17): group identity vs alienation
- later adolescence (18-22): individual vs. role diffusion
- early adulthood (23-30): intimacy vs. isolation
- middle adulthood (31-50): generativity vs. stagnation
- later adulthood (51 and older): integrity vs. despair
