Class: Anticholinergic Parasympathetic blocker Antidote Action: Blocks the action of acetylcholine Increases the heart rate Reverses symptoms of cholinergic poisoning Indications: Hemodynamically significant bradycardia Organophosphate poisoning Carbamate poisoning Nerve agent exposure

Class: Electrolyte Action: Increases intracellular calcium levels Increases myocardial contractility Indications: Acute hypocalcemia Calcium channel blocker overdose Beta-blocker overdose Hyperkalemia

Class: Calcium channel blocker Antidysrhythmic Action: Slows extracellular calcium ion influx across myocardial cell membranes Slows conduction through the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node Slows ventricular conduction rates in atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter Indications: Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate Atrial flutter with rapid ventricular rate Supraventricular tachycardia second-line to administration of adenosine

Class: Sympathomimetic Vasopressor Action: Increases the heart rate Increases the force of myocardial contractility Increases the blood pressure Increases preload Indications: Cardiogenic shock Hemodynamically significant bradycardia Hemodynamically significant hypotension

Class: Sympathomimetic Action: Alpha-adrenergic response Vasoconstriction Beta1-adrenergic responses Increases the heart rate Increases myocardial contractility Beta2-adrenergic response Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation Blocks histamine receptors Indications: Cardiac arrest Asystole Pulseless electrical activity Ventricular fibrillation Pulseless ventricular tachycardia Hemodynamically significant hypotension from a cause other than hypovolemia Asthma Bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Class: Anesthesia induction agent Hypnotic Sedative Action: Produces depression of the central nervous system Produces anesthesia Indications: Procedural sedation for intubation

Drug Deck - Assignment Flashcards by B B

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin)

Class:

Platelet aggregator inhibitor
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

Action:

Blocks formation of thromboxane A2 which prevents platelets from clumping (aggregating)
Prevents clots from forming

Indications:

Chest pain and/or signs and symptoms suggestive of the acute coronary syndrome
ECG waveforms suggestive of the acute coronary syndrome

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Adenosine (Adenocard)

Class:

Antidysrhythmic

Action:

Slows atrioventricular conduction

Indications:

Supraventricular tachycardia
Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome
Monomorphic wide-complex tachycardia

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Albuterol Sulfate (Proventil, Ventolin)

Class:

Sympathomimetic
Bronchodilator
Beta2 agonist

Action:

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation

Indications:

Asthma
Bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema
Hyperkalemia

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Amiodarone (Cordarone)

Class:

Antidysrhythmic

Action:

Blocks sodium, potassium, and calcium channels
Prolongs the action potential and repolarization
Slows the sinus rate
Increases the PR interval and QT interval

Indications:

Ventricular fibrillation
Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Wide complex tachycardia

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Atropine Sulfate

Class:

Anticholinergic
Parasympathetic blocker
Antidote

Action:

Blocks the action of acetylcholine
Increases the heart rate
Reverses symptoms of cholinergic poisoning

Indications:

Hemodynamically significant bradycardia
Organophosphate poisoning
Carbamate poisoning
Nerve agent exposure

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Calcium Chloride

Class:

Electrolyte

Action:

Increases intracellular calcium levels
Increases myocardial contractility

Indications:

Acute hypocalcemia
Calcium channel blocker overdose
Beta-blocker overdose
Hyperkalemia

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Charcoal Activated (without Sorbitol)

Class:

Adsorbent

Action:

Adsorbs (binds with) and inactivates toxic substances in the gastrointestinal tract

Indications:

Oral poisonings
Oral overdoses

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Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate (Decadron)

Class:

Corticosteroid
Glucocorticoid
Anti-inflammatory

Action:

Suppresses acute and chronic inflammation
Produces immunosuppressive effect
Stabilizes cellular membranes

Indications:

Acute exacerbation of
- Asthma
- Chronic bronchitis
- Emphysema
- Reactive airway conditions
Anaphylaxis

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Dextrose (50%)

Class:

Carbohydrate
Antihypoglycemic

Action:

Increases the glucose levels in the blood

Indications:

Hypoglycemia
Unconsciousness of unknown etiology

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Diazepam (Valium)

Class:

Benzodiazepine
Anticonvulsant
Sedative
Hypnotic

Action:

Produces sedation by acting on the limbic system, the thalamus, and hypothalamus
Binds to gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) benzodiazepine receptors in the brain
Raises the seizure threshold
Produces tranquilizing (antianxiety) effect on the central nervous system

Indications:

Seizure activity
Status epilepticus
Procedural sedation for intubation and cardioversion
Chemical restraint for agitated (excited) delirium
Delirium tremens

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Diltiazem (Cardizem)

Class:

Calcium channel blocker
Antidysrhythmic

Action:

Slows extracellular calcium ion influx across myocardial cell membranes
Slows conduction through the sinoatrial node and atrioventricular node
Slows ventricular conduction rates in atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter

Indications:

Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate
Atrial flutter with rapid ventricular rate
Supraventricular tachycardia second-line to administration of adenosine

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Diphenhydramine HCL (Benadryl)

Class:

Antihistamine
Anticholinergic

Action:

Blocks H1 histamine receptors
Reverses phenothiazine reaction with extrapyramidal symptoms

Indications:

Allergic reaction
Anaphylaxis
Phenothiazine reaction with extrapyramidal symptoms

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Dopamine (Intropin)

Class:

Sympathomimetic
Vasopressor

Action:

Increases the heart rate
Increases the force of myocardial contractility
Increases the blood pressure
Increases preload

Indications:

Cardiogenic shock
Hemodynamically significant bradycardia
Hemodynamically significant hypotension

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Epinephrine HCL

Class:

Sympathomimetic

Action:

Alpha-adrenergic response
- Vasoconstriction
Beta1-adrenergic responses
- Increases the heart rate
- Increases myocardial contractility
Beta2-adrenergic response
- Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation
Blocks histamine receptors

Indications:

Cardiac arrest
- Asystole
- Pulseless electrical activity
- Ventricular fibrillation
- Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Hemodynamically significant hypotension from a cause other than hypovolemia
Asthma
Bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema

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Etomidate (Amidate)

Class:

Anesthesia induction agent
Hypnotic
Sedative

Action:

Produces depression of the central nervous system
Produces anesthesia

Indications:

Procedural sedation for intubation

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Fentanyl Citrate (Sublimaze)

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Class:

Narcotic analgesic
Narcotic agonist

Action:

Alleviates pain by depressing the central nervous system
Depresses respiratory centers in the brainstem
Decreases venous return to the heart
Decreases preload
Decreases afterload

Indications:

Moderate to severe pain
Procedural sedation including intubation

Furosemide (Lasix)

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Class:

Diuretic

Action:

Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys
Increases output of urine

Indications:

Pulmonary edema
Congestive heart failure

Glucagon (GlucaGen)

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Class:

Hyperglycemic
Pancreatic hormone

Action:

Converts glycogen to glucose
Increases glucose levels in the blood
Increases the force of myocardial contractility
Increases the heart rate

Indications:

Hemodynamically significant hypoglycemia
Beta-blocker overdose

Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent)

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Class:

Anticholinergic
Bronchodilator

Action:

Blocks acetylcholine receptors
Dilates the larger airways resulting in bronchodilation

Indications:

Asthma
Bronchospasm associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Ketamine (Ketalar)

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Class:

Sedative
Anesthetic
Analgesic

Action:

Blocks pain receptors
Produces a dissociative state
Produces anesthesia

Indications:

Procedural sedation for intubation

Lidocaine (Xylocaine)

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Class:

Antidysrhythmic

Action:

Suppresses ventricular ectopic activity
Increases the threshold of ventricular fibrillation

Indications:

Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular dysrhythmias
- Frequent premature ventricular complexes and couplets
- Monomorphic and polymorphic wide-complex tachycardia

Lorazepam (Ativan)

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Class:

Benzodiazepine
Anticonvulsant
Sedative
Hypnotic

Action:

Produces sedation by acting on the limbic system, the thalamus, and cortex
Binds to gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) benzodiazepine receptors in the brain
Raises the seizure threshold
Exerts tranquilizing action (antianxiety effect) on the central nervous system

Indications:

Seizure activity
Status epilepticus
Procedural sedation including intubation and cardioversion
Chemical restraint for agitated (excited) delirium

Magnesium Sulfate

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Class:

Electrolyte
Anti-inflammatory
Tocolytic (labor suppressant)

Action:

Decreases ventricular irritability
Decreases release of acetylcholine that inhibits muscular excitability
Causes uterine relaxation
Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation

Indications:

Seizures caused by toxicity of pregnancy (toxemia)

Pregnancy induced hypertension (pre-clampsia and eclampsia)

Pre-term labor

Torsades de pointes (polymorphic ventricular tachycardia)

Ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia refractory to amiodarone or lidocaine
Reactive airway conditions including bronchoconstriction and bronchospasm

Methylprednisolone Sodium Succinate (Solu-Medrol)

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Class:

Corticosteroid
Glucocorticoid
Anti-inflammatory

Action:

Suppresses acute and chronic inflammation
Produces immunosuppressive effect
Stabilizes cellular membranes

Indications:

Acute exacerbation of
- Asthma
- Chronic bronchitis
- Emphysema
- Reactive airway conditions
Anaphylaxis
Burns involving the airway

Midazolam (Versed)

**Class:** * Benzodiazepine * Anticonvulsant * Sedative * Hypnotic **Action:** * Produces sedation by acting on the limbic system, the thalamus, and hypothalamus * Binds to gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) benzodiazepine receptors in the brain * Raises the seizure threshold * Produces tranquilizing (antianxiety) effect on the central nervous system **Indications:** * Seizure activity * Status epilepticus * Procedural sedation for intubation and cardioversion * Chemical restraint for agitated (excited) delirium

Morphine Sulfate

**Class:** * Narcotic analgesic * Narcotic agonist **Action:** * Alleviates pain by depressing the central nervous system * Depresses brainstem respiratory centers * Decreases venous return to the heart * Decreases preload * Decreases afterload **Indications:** * Moderate to severe pain * Chest pain and/or signs and symptoms suggestive of the acute coronary syndrome * Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Naloxone (Narcan)

**Class:** Narcotic antagonist **Action:** * Acts as a competitive antagonist at opiate receptors in the central nervous system * Reverses the effects of narcotics and synthetic analgesic drugs * Central nervous system depression * Respiratory depression * Respiratory arrest **Indications:** * Narcotic and synthetic drug overdoses * *morphine* * *heroin* * *oxycodone* * *methadone* * *codeine* * *meperidine* * *fentanyl* * *hydrocodone* * *hydromorphone* * Unconsciousness of unknown etiology

Nitroglycerine (NitroStat, NitroQuick, NitroLingual, NitroDur)

**Class:** * Vasodilator * Antianginal * Nitrate **Action:** * Relaxes vascular smooth muscle * Dilates coronary arteries resulting in increased blood flow to the myocardium * Decreases workload on the heart * Decreases myocardial oxygen demand * Decreases preload * Decreases afterload **Indications:** * Chest pain and signs/symptoms suggestive of the acute coronary syndrome * Congestive heart failure with pulmonary edema

Nitrous Oxide 50% (Nitronox)

**Class:** * Inhaled analgesic **Action:** * Alleviates pain by depressing the central nervous system **Indications:** * Moderate to severe pain due to musculoskeletal trauma and burns

Ondansetron (Zofran)

**Class:** * Antiemetic **Action:** * Blocks serotonin 5-HT3 receptor sites in the central nervous system * Inhibits nausea and vomiting **Indications:** * Nausea and vomiting

Oral Glucose (Glutose, Insta-Glucose)

**Class:** * Carbohydrate * Hyperglycemic **Action:** * Increases the glucose levels in the blood **Indications:** * Hypoglycemia

Oxygen (O2)

**Class:** * Natural atmospheric gas **Action:** * Reverses hypoxia * Increases arterial oxygen concentration * Increases hemoglobin saturation * Increases tissue oxygenation I**ndications:** * Hypoxia * Suspected hypoxia

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

**Class:** * Pituitary hormone * Uterine stimulant **Action:** * Increases the force and frequency of uterine contraction **Indications:** * Postpartum hemorrhage following delivery of the newborn and placenta

Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine®)

**Class:** * Topical vasoconstrictor **Action:** * Vasoconstricts blood vessels in the nasal passages * Reduces the risk of bleeding during insertion of a nasotracheal tube **Indications:** * Administered prior to insertion of a nasotracheal tube

Sodium Bicarbonate (Lifeshield)

**Class:** * Alkalizing agent **Action:** * Buffers excess acid (H+) * Increases the pH **Indications:** * Metabolic acidosis in these conditions * Salicylate overdose * Tricyclic antidepressant overdose * Hyperkalemia * Pre-existing or known metabolic acidosis * Acidosis refractory to effective ventilation * Prolonged cardiac arrest

Succinylcholine (Anectine®)

**Class:** * Neuromuscular blocking agent * Paralytic **Action:** * Inhibits neuromuscular transmission resulting in temporary paralysis **Indications:** * Procedural adjunct for intubation

Thiamine (Vitamin B1) [Betalin]

**Class:** Vitamin **Action:** Metabolizes carbohydrates **Indications:** * Delirium tremens * Wernicke encephalopathy * Korsakoff syndrome * Unconsciousness of unknown etiology * Alcoholism * Malnourishment

Vasopressin (Pitressin®)

**Class:** * Vasopressor **Action:** * Produces vasoconstriction **Indications:** * Cardiac arrest * Ventricular fibrillation * Pulseless ventricular tachycardia * Asystole * Pulseless electrical activity

Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

**Class:** * Calcium channel blocker * Antidysrhythmic **Action:** * Slows extracellular calcium ion influx across myocardial cell membranes * Slows conduction through the sinoatrial node and the atrioventricular node * Slows the ventricular conduction rate in atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter **Indications:** * Atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate * Atrial flutter with rapid ventricular rate * Supraventricular tachycardia

Drug Deck - Assignment Flashcards

(39 cards)