What is a resistor?
An electrical component that restricts the flow of current in the circuit.
What does a resistor do to electrical energy?
It absorbs the electrical energy and degenerates it in the form of heat.
What law is used to calculate the current flow through a resistor?
Ohm’s law.
What are the two types of resistances in resistors?
- Variable resistances
- Fixed resistances
What is a capacitor?
A two-terminal linear passive component made from two conductive plates with an insulator between them.
What is the main function of a capacitor?
To store electrical energy when an electric charge is forced onto its terminals.
What happens to a capacitor when it is disconnected from the power source?
It maintains the charge.
How do capacitors behave with alternating and direct current?
- Allow alternating current to flow through them
- Resist the flow of direct current
What are the two primary types of capacitors?
- Polarized capacitors
- Non-polarized capacitors
What distinguishes polarized capacitors from non-polarized capacitors?
Polarized capacitors have a positive and negative terminal, while non-polarized capacitors do not.
What is an inductor?
A two-terminal passive electrical component that stores electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy.
What is the structure commonly used for inductors?
A conductor, commonly wound into a coil.
What is a transistor?
An electronic device consisting of three terminals made of semiconductor material that controls the flow of voltage or current.
How does a transistor function compared to a switch?
It acts as a more advanced switch with multiple output states that cannot be changed manually.
What is required to switch a transistor between various states?
Running current through it.
Fill in the blank: A resistor is designed to allow for a measured _______.
[resistance]
True or False: A capacitor can only store energy when connected to a power source.
False
What is the primary function of an inductor?
To store electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy.
What is a switch?
An electrical device used to break the circuit and supply current from one conductor to another
A switch operates with ‘on’ and ‘off’ mechanisms.
What is the function of a diode?
A device made from semiconductor material that allows current to flow in one direction and blocks reverse current
A Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is a type of diode that emits light when current is applied.
What is the role of electrical wires or cables?
To connect devices and enable the transfer of electrical signals or power
Types and sizes of wires and cables depend on circuit operating voltage and current capability.
What is a transformer?
A passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy between circuits using two coils of wire linked by an iron core
It changes current and voltage levels without electrical connection through mutual induction.
Fill in the blank: A __________ is an electrical device that breaks the circuit and interrupts current.
switch
True or False: A diode allows current to flow in both directions.
False
