Final - Reproductive Technologies

Question 1

Inferility

Answer 1

• inability to become pregnant
• primary infertility is characterized by a couple who can’t conceive and have not yet had a child
• secondary infertility are those who can’t conceive but already have a child

Question 2

Factors that contribute to infertility in women

Answer 2

• hormone levels (low estrogen)
• ovarian problems
• oviduct and uterine problems (blockage)
• toxic mucous
• infection

Question 3

Factors that contribute to infertility in men

Answer 3

• low sperm count
• low sperm motility
• genetics (microdeletion on Y chromosome)
• no sperm in semen (azoospermia)

Question 4

Factors that contribute to infertility: other factors

Answer 4

• drugs
• marijuana
• smoking (tobacco)
• age
• weight
• endometriosis (secretes protaglandins and cytokines)
• idiopathic

Question 5

Artificial insemination

Answer 5

• deliberate introduction of sperm into a female’s uterus/cervix = in vivo fertilization other than sexual intercourse
• developed to overcome problems of male infertility

Question 6

In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer

Answer 6

• INV-ET
• egg is collected from either the mother or donor and sperm is added in a dish
• if fertilization occurs, the embryo is incubated for several days and then implanted into either the mothers uterus or surrogate mother

Question 7

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Answer 7

• ICSI
• egg is collected and injected carefully with a single sperm (microinjection)
• used to overcome defects in sperm count and motility