Fluids and Electrolytes

Question 1

Maintenance fluid

Answer 1

4, 2, 1 rule
4 mL/kg/hr for first 10 kg
2 mL/kg/hr for second 10 kg
1 mL/kg/hr for following kg’s

Question 2

Bolusing fluid

Answer 2

Use Normal Saline (154 mEq/L)

20 mL/kg in first hour

Question 3

Fluid deficits

Answer 3

Normal weight - illness weight
1 kg = 1 L of deficit
Replace with bolus in first hour and then half in first 8 hrs followed by second half in next 16 hrs

Question 4

Daily electrolyte needs

Answer 4

Na = 3-4 mEq/kg/d
K = 2-3 mEq/kg/d
Cl = 2-3 mEq/kg/d

Question 5

Stock solutions

Answer 5

NS = 154 mEq/L 
K = 20 mEq/L (don't give to neonates or before surgery)

Question 6

Type of fluid for neonate

Answer 6

D10W (just born)

Question 7

Type of fluid for toddler

Answer 7

D5 1/2 NS + 20KCl

Question 8

Type of fluid for teenager/adult

Answer 8

D5 NS + 20 KCl