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Flashcards in General Deck (20)
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1
Q
Withdrawal of which of the following hormones results in menstruation?
A. Estrogen
B. FSH
C. LH
D. Progesterone
A

D. Progesterone

2
Q
Immunization to produce antibodies that would bind to FSH and negate its activity is being investigated as a potential male contraceptive. Men immunized in this manner would exhibit \_\_\_\_.
A. decreased hypothalamic GnRH secretion
B. decreased serum inhibin levels
C. decreased testosterone levels
D. elevated serum LH
A

B. decreased serum inhibin levels

3
Q

The two essential hormones for the production of sperm (spermatogenesis) are _____.
A. LH and testosterone
B. FSH and androgen binding protein (ABP)
C. FSH and testosterone
D. Testosterone and androgen binding protein (ABP)

A

C. FSH and testosterone

4
Q

In males and females, secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) by the pituitary is regulated by ____.
A. Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
B. Inhibin B
C. Somatostatin
D. Testosterone

A

A. Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

5
Q

In a female patient with an inactivating mutation of the estrogen receptor genes (both alpha and beta), one would expect _____.
A. low progesterone receptor number in breast tissue.
B. high plasma estrogen concentration.
C. no mid-cycle LH and FSH surge.
D. A, B and C

A

D. A, B and C

6
Q

Steroid hormones such as estrogen and progesterone _____.
A. freely diffuse through cell membranes.
B. bind to plasma membrane receptors.
C. are stored in secretory vesicles.
D. are secreted in a circadian manner dependent on sleep-wake cycles.
E. A, B, C and D

A

A. freely diffuse through cell membranes.

7
Q

In the first 8 days of the menstrual cycle, how does estrogen affect the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary?
A. Increase
B. Decrease
C. No change

A

B. Decrease

8
Q

In the male and female gonad ____ is converted to estrogen by aromatase activity.

A

androgen

9
Q

What hormone does kisspeptin regulate?

A

GnRH is regulated by kisspeptin

10
Q

What enzyme is important for the conversion of androgen to DHT?

A

5 alpha- reductase is needed to convert testosterone to di hydrotestosterone (DHT).

11
Q

Puberty does not normally occur in humans under the age of 8 years, because before that age:

a. the ovaries and testes can not secrete gonadal steroids ✘ 0.00
b. the hypothalamus is very sensitive to negative feedback by gonadal steroids
c. the pituitary secretes excess amounts of gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH)
d. the hypothalamus is unresponsive to gonadal steroids

A

d. the hypothalamus is unresponsive to gonadal steroids

12
Q

In both sexes, the secretory and gametogenic functions of the gonads are dependent on:

a. FSH and androgen binding protein
b. GnRH and androgen binding protein
c. GnRH, FSH and LH
d. FSH, LH and ACTH

A

c. GnRH, FSH and LH

13
Q

If the progesterone receptor gene is inactive in a female of reproductive age, you would expect:

a. decreased expression of estrogen receptors in the uterus
b. no change in the expression of estrogen receptors in the uterus
c. increased expression of estrogen receptors in the uterus

A

c. increased expression of estrogen receptors in the uterus?

14
Q

In female humans, the spike of FSH and LH secretions at mid cycle is due to a positive feedback by:

a. gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH)
b. progesterone
c. estrogen and progesterone
d. estrogen

A

d. estrogen

15
Q

After binding follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), granulosa cells surrounding the ovum increase expression of FSH receptors on their cell surface. This is an example of:

a. positive feedback
b. feed- forward control
c. tonic control
d. negative feedback

A

a. positive feedback

16
Q

nactivation of the estrogen receptor in a human male would:

a. decrease bone density (osteoporosis).
b. prevent closure of the epiphyseal plate leading to excess height.
c. accelerate closure of the epiphyseal plate restricting height.

A

b. prevent closure of the epiphyseal plate leading to excess height.

17
Q

In men, an inactivating mutation in the LH receptor would most likely cause:

a. low Sertoli cell count.
b. low circulating testosterone levels and an absence of secondary male characteristics.
c. low circulating testosterone levels but no change in intra-testicular testosterone levels. ✘ 0.00
d. no changes in Sertoli cell counts due to increased circulating FSH.

A

d. no changes in Sertoli cell counts due to increased circulating FSH. ?

18
Q

High levels of testosterone were administered in a clinical trial to evaluate the action of excess testosterone in normal males. The results showed that treated males had:

a. decreased sperm count
b. increased secretion of testosterone by the testes
c. decreased levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) ✘ 0.00
d. increased sperm count

A

a. decreased sperm count

19
Q

f an XY individual has a mutation that inactivates the testosterone receptor:
Your Answer Score Explanation
a. the adult phenotype will be female.
b. the adult phenotype will be male.

A

a. the adult phenotype will be female.

20
Q

n the male, inhibin provides a negative feedback signal which regulates:

a. LH ONLY
b. GnRH ONLY ✘ 0.00
c. FSH ONLY
d. LH, FSH and GnRH

A

d. LH, FSH and GnRH?