Germany section C

Question 1

Interpretation: what Hitler and the Nazis wanted drove whether war broke out

give evidence to support this in terms of MASTER PLAN

Answer 1

• Mein Kampf and second book
• Aryan Supremacy
• Pan -Germanism
• Lebensraum
  -Overtunrning TOV

Question 2

Interpretation: what Hitler and the Nazis wanted drove whether war broke out

give evidence to support this in terms of continuation of GERMAN HISTORY

Answer 2

propaganda of 1st Reich and 2nd Reich (Holy Roman Empire and Kaiser Reich)
idea of restoring Germany’s great imperial past

Question 3

Interpretation: what Hitler and the Nazis wanted drove whether war broke out

give evidence to support this in terms of ANTI-SEMITISM / COMMUNISM

Answer 3

“Judeo-Bolshevism” - belief that the Jews were controlling the UK and USA
- Annihilation speech
- Necessity for war in Eastern Europe
- Anti Comintern pact signed with Austria

Question 4

List the 3 main factors REGARDLESS OF OTHER ARGUMENT and what the argument is

Answer 4

Hitler’s racial ideology - underlying cause leading him to want expansionism through conflict

Hitler’s Master Plan - always intended war and aimed for 1942

Hitler as an individual - took the extremist Nazi ideology further than anyone else - particularly in comparison with rest of Europe

Question 5

2 arguments that are EITHER main factor OR contributing. what is the main argument and IN WHAT CASES ARE THESE CONTRIBUTING?

Answer 5

Calculated risk - main (willing to risk war knowing that B + F could intervene) UNLESS paired with master plan

Miscalculation - main (Hitler made a mistake) UNLESS paired with master plan, calculated risk of Hitler or ideology

Question 6

How did Miscalculation of B + F contribute to starting WW2?

Answer 6

timing - British / French miscalculated (same as appeasement)

Question 7

Give all Contributing Factors

Answer 7

Appeasement, external factors, German history, other German leaders / individuals, ideological divide, Nazi economic need

Question 8

Argument for appeasement contributing?

Answer 8

timing of Hitler going to war - gave him confidence in his plans

Question 9

Argument for external factors contributing?

Answer 9

timing + confidence in his plans

Question 10

Argument for German history contributing?

Answer 10

Hitler built on previous expansionist ideas / anti-TOV idea —- gave him support he needed and influenced his ideas (Hitler took this even further)

Question 11

Argument for other German leaders contributing?

Answer 11

influenced remilitarisation and preparation for war, hid failures of this from Hitler “working towards the Fuhrer”

Question 12

Argument for ideological divide contributing?

Answer 12

explains appeasement and weakness of other countries, led Hitler to think that they wouldn’t intervene

Question 13

Argument for Nazi economic need contributing?

Answer 13

timing - Nazis went to war in 1939 due to economic need without grabbing land they could not complete remilitarisation

Question 14

Evidence for Hitler’s racial ideology?

(follow up and link to argument)

Answer 14

• mein kampf + secret book
• stufenplan (stage by stage plan for long term victory)
• lebensraum (expansionism)
• pan germanism + aryan racial theory - social darwinism
• Anchluss (1938)
• Judeo -Bolshevism
• War of annihilation (1939)
• Nuremburg laws

Question 15

evidence for Hitler’s planned war

Answer 15

• Nazi 25 Point programme (1925)
• Remilitarisation of the Rhineland
• Mien Kampf secret book
• Stufen plan
• 4 year plan (1936-1940)
• Hossbach Memo (written evidence of meeting to discuss expansionist plans)
• Ideology
• Luftwaffe expansion 1935
• Mefo Bills (Bills made up to disguse German rearmement)

Question 16

Evidence for Hitler as an individual

Answer 16

• Secret book
• Mein Kampf
• ideology
• Plan of overturning TOV (VERY DIFFERENT FROM WEIMAR’S POLICY OF FULFILMENT)
• working towards the Furher (manipulated by others)

Question 17

Evidence for calculated risk?

Answer 17

• March 1939 Polish Guarantee (B +F announce intervention if Germany invade)
• British + French rearmament 1939
• British Polish alliance
• Desire for local war
• Blitzkrieg
• Maginot Line (line of defence from French - weak)
• Nazi Soviet Pact (wanted to protect germany from a war on 2 fronts)
• USA isolationalism (encouraged fight with west before USA involvement)

Question 18

Miscalculation evidence?

Answer 18

Hitler’s mistake:
- Pact of Steel
- Hitler thought Britian wouldn’t support poland DUE TO CEZCH
- Nazi soviet pact made hitler confident
- Blitzkrieg

B+F miscalculation:
- Inaction over Cezch
- British refusal for Polish Loan

Question 19

Evidence for appeasement?

Answer 19

Pact of steel - told Mussolini he wanted war in 1942
- inaction over remilitarisation, czech, Anschluss, Anglo-German Naval Agreement
- French political weakness (domestic gov changes)

Question 20

Evidence for external factors?

Answer 20

• Hossbach Memo. Pact of Steel
• Inaction over remilitarisation etc
• Inaction over Abyssinia
• Munich Conference
• USA isolationism

Question 21

Evidence for German History?

Answer 21

• 1ST + 2ND Reich
• stab in the back myth / november criminals
• september programme
• Weltpolitik
• Secret rearmement / remilitarisation
• Polish corridor
• Withdrawn from League of Nations
• Pan-German league

Question 22

Evidence other German leaders?

Answer 22

• Blomberg - Fritch
• 4 Year Plan
• Hossbach Memo
• Conscription
• Stab in Back myth
• Goering - hid failures of 4yr plan
• Von-Neurath replaced by Von-Ribbentrop (more agressive)
• Cumulative radicalisation

Question 23

Ideological divide evidence?

Answer 23

• spanish civil war
• fear of bolshevism
• Russian civil war
• Racial conflict vs class conflict
• Anti -comintern pact

Question 24

Nazi economic need

Answer 24

• 4 year plan failures
• lacked a workforce that expansion could provide
• shortage of raw materials
• livings standards declining