Glacial Budget Flashcards

1
Q

What are glaciers?

A

Masses of ice which fill valleys and hollows.

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2
Q

Where do glaciers move?

A

Downhill under the force of gravity.

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3
Q

What 2 things does a glacier have?

A

Zone of accumulation.

Zone of ablation.

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4
Q

What is accumulation?

A

The input of snow and ice into the glacier.

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5
Q

What is ablation?

A

The output of water from a glacier as it melts.

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6
Q

What occurs in the upper part of the glacier?

A

More accumulation than ablation.

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7
Q

What zone is called the zone of the accumulation?

A

Upper part of the glacier.

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8
Q

What occurs in the lower part of the glacier?

A

More ablation than accumulation .

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9
Q

What zone is called the zone of the ablation?

A

Lower part of the glacier.

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10
Q

It may look like glaciers stay in the same place but what is happening?

A

Melting at the bottom end.

Growing at the top end.

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11
Q

What is the difference between the total accumulation and total ablation for one year?

A

The glacial budget.

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12
Q

What things depend on the glacial budget?

A

Amount of ice in glacier.

Whether its advancing or retreating.

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13
Q

What is a positive glacial budget?

A

When the accumulation exceeds the ablation .

Input exceeds output.

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14
Q

Describe positive features that glaciers should have?

A

Gets larger.

Snout advances down the valley.

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15
Q

What is a snout of the glacier?

A

Bottom end of the glacier.

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16
Q

What is a negative glacial budget?

A

When ablation exceeds accumulation.

Output exceeds input.

17
Q

Describe negative features that glaciers may have?

A

Gets smaller.

Snout retreats up the valley.

18
Q

What happens if the amount of accumulation and ablation stays the same over a year?

A

Glaciers stays the same size.

Position of the snout doesn’t change.

19
Q

The glacial budget changed in both ___ ___ and ___ ____.

A

Short term.

Long term.

20
Q

In the summer what occurs?

A

More ablation occurs then accumulation.
Because ice is melting due to warmth.
Negative glacial budget as glaciers retreat.

21
Q

In the winter what occurs?

A

More accumulation occurs then ablation.
Because more snowfall and less melting.
Positive glacial budget as glaciers advance.

22
Q

Since what year have glaciers had a negative glacial budget?

A

1950.

23
Q

Why are glaciers becoming a negative glacial budget?

A

Earth’s temperature is increasing.

Global warming.