Mulatto
mulatto, a person of mixed white and Black ancestry.
Abdicate
In world history, to abdicate means to formally renounce or give up a throne, high office, or power, typically by a monarch
Incite
In the context of world history, “incite” refers to a specific event, action, or idea that stirs up or provokes significant change.
Penisulares
In world history, Peninsulares were people of Spanish descent who were born in Spain and held the highest social status and power in Spanish colonies
Creole
In world history, “Creole” originally referred to people of European descent born in the colonies, distinct from European-born immigrants
Mestizo
In world history, a mestizo is a person of mixed European (specifically Spanish) and Indigenous American ancestry.
Usurp
In world history, to usurp means to take a position of power, such as a throne, by force and without having a legal or rightful claim to it.
Cordially bid
In a world history context, “cordially bid” means to say goodbye in a sincere, warm, and friendly way, with respect and genuine good wishes.
Nationalism
In simple terms, nationalism is the belief in the strong loyalty and devotion to one’s nation, which is often a country with a shared culture and government
Why did France want to maintain control over Haiti?
France wanted to maintain control over Haiti primarily to preserve its incredibly profitable sugar and coffee plantations, which relied on brutal, large-scale slave labor. After Haiti declared independence, France sought to retain its wealth by forcing Haiti to pay a massive “indemnity” for lost property, including former slave owners. This crippling debt was a form of economic revenge and an attempt to reclaim control without a military reoccupation.
Who was the leader of the Haitian Revolution?
Toussaint Louverture
Why did Haiti want independence from France?
Haiti sought independence from France due to the brutal, oppressive system of slavery
What is one major effect of the Haitian Revolution?
One major effect of the Haitian Revolution was that it led to the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the United States.
How did the Social Class system in the Spanish colonies work? Who had the most power? The least? Did the population influence power?
People born in Spain had the most power, penisulares. African slaves.
What was the effect of Napoleon taking control of Spain and naming Joseph Bonaparte the king?
a brutal six-year conflict known as the Peninsular War. This act also led to a power vacuum in Spain’s American colonies, ultimately igniting the Spanish American wars of independence.
What independence movements did Simon Bolivar influence?
Bolvias, peru, panama, ecduaor, columbia, venesula.
How did geography influence the revolutions in Haiti and Latin America?
especially in the mountainous terrain of Haiti and the vast distances of Latin America. In Haiti, the jungle allowed rebels to use guerilla tactics, while tropical diseases decimated European troops. In Latin America, the Andes Mountains forced armies to cross them strategically, as José de San Martín did in his crossing from Argentina into Chile to launch an unexpected invasion.
What is Grand Columbia? Who supported its creation? What geographic feature created an obstacle to its creation?
Gran Colombia was a short-lived republic (1819–1831) that was founded by Simón Bolívar to unify northern South America and included the modern-day nations of Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, and Venezuela. Isolating and large terrian.
Who used the slogan “blood and iron”? What does it mean?
Otto von Bismarck, the Prime Minister of Prussia, to argue that the unification of Germany would require military might (“blood”) and industrial power (“iron”)
List three causes of the unification of Germany.
the rise of nationalism, the political skill of Otto von Bismarck, the economic strength of Prussia, the decline of Austrian power, and a series of wars, most notably the Franco-Prussian War
The Ottoman empire had land on which continents? After the Ottoman Empire fell, what countries took over its boundaries?
Europe, Asia, and Africa. After its collapse, its former territories were partitioned into modern countries like Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan, among others
Name two leaders of Italian unification.
Giuseppe Garibaldi and Camillo di Cavour.
What is significant about Constantinople?
Constantinople was significant for its strategic location, which made it a crucial trade hub between Europe and Asia
What was ended with the creation of the League of Nations?
The creation of the League of Nations marked the end of the era where countries had the unrestricted right to wage war and engage in secret diplomacy
