Compiled PPS board reviewer > Growth & Development > Flashcards

Growth & Development Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

flexed, turns head from side to side

  • Fixate face on light in line of vision
  • “doll’s eye”, “moro”, “stepping & placing”, “grasp”
  • Visual preference for human face
A

neonatal period

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2
Q

legs more extended, holds chin up, turns head

  • Tonic neck posture, head lag in sitting
  • Watches person, follows moving objects
  • Smile
A

1st month

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3
Q

raises head slightly farther

  • Tonic neck posture, head lags in sitting position
  • Follows moving object 180o
  • Smiles on social contact
  • Listens to voice & coos
A

2nd month

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4
Q

lifts head & chest w/ arms extended, tonic neck posture

  • Reaches towards & misses objects; waves @ toy
  • Early head control w/ bobbing motion
  • More reflex has not persisted
  • Makes defensive movement
  • Sustained social contact
  • Listens to music, “ahh”, “ngah”
A

3rd month

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5
Q

– hands in midline, reaches & grasp objects

  • Brings to mouth; no head lag when pulled to sit
  • Pushes feet when held erect
  • Sees pellet, makes no move to reach
  • Excited @ sight of food; LOL
  • Slows displeasure when social contact is broken

**BW doubles

A

4th month

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6
Q

– rolls over, pivot, crawls or creep-crawl (prone)

  • Sits briefly w/ support, bounces actively
  • Transfers object from hand to hand
  • Rakes @ pellet
  • Polysyllabic vowel sounds
  • Prefers mother; babbles; enjoys mirror
A

7th month

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7
Q

sit up alone w/o support, creeps/crawl

  • Pulls to standing position, cruises
  • Pokes @ things
  • Picks up pellet w/ assisted pincer movt
  • Uncovers hidden toys
  • Attempts to retrieve dropped objects
  • Repetitive consonant sounds “mama” “dada”
  • Responds to sound of name
  • Plays “peek-a-boo” “pat a cake” “wave bye-bye”
A

10th month

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8
Q

walks with 1 hand held

  • Picks up pellet with unassisted pincer movement
  • Releases object to other person on request or gesture
  • Says few words besides “mama” & “dada”
  • Plays simple ball game, postural adjustment to dressing

**BW triples, 1 ½ BL

A

12th month

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9
Q

walks alone, crawls upstairs

  • Makes tower of 3 cubes, makes a line
  • Inserts raisin in bottle
  • Jargon, follows simple commands
  • May name familiar object
  • Indicates some desires or needs by pointing
  • Hugs parents
A

15th month

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10
Q

runs stiffly, walks up stairs w/ 1 hand held

  • Explores drawers & wastebaskets, dumps raising from bottle
  • 10 word (ave), names pictures
  • Identify 1 or more body parts
  • Feeds self
  • Seek help
  • Kisses w/ a pucker
  • Complain when wet or soiled
A

18th month

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11
Q

runs well, walks up & down stairs 1 step @ a time

  • Opens door, climbs on furniture
  • Puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object)
  • Handles spoon well
  • Tells about immediate experiences
  • Helps to undress
  • Listens to stories when shown pictures

**½ adult ht

A

24th month

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12
Q

– goes upstairs alternating feet

  • Refers to self by pronoun “I”
  • Knows full name
  • Helps put things away; pretends in play

**BW quadruples

A

30 months

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13
Q

rides tricycle; stands momentarily on 1 foot

  • Knows age and sex, counts 3 objects correctly
  • Repeats 3 numbers or a sentence of 6 syllables
  • Plays simple games; helps in dressing; washes hands

**3 ft

A

3 yo

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14
Q

hops on 1 foot; throws ball overhand; uses scissors

  • Climbs well
  • Draws man w/ 2-4 parts besides head
  • Counts 4 pennies accurately
  • Tells story, plays w/ several children, with beginning of social interaction and role-playing
  • Goes to toilet alone

**40lbs; 2BL, 40in

A

4 yo

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15
Q

skips

  • Names heavier of 2 weights
  • Names 4 color
  • Repeat sentence of 10 syllables
  • Count 10 pennies correctly
  • Dress & undresses
  • Ask questions about meaning of words
  • Engages in domestic role playing
A

5 yo

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16
Q

BL formula for 2-12 yo

A

Age x 6 + 77

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17
Q

Upper:lower body ratio
Birth
3yo
7yo

A

Birth 1.7
3yo 1.3
7yo 1

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18
Q

BL formula 2-12 yo

A

Age x 6 + 77

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19
Q

Ht of 13 yo

A

3BL

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20
Q

Upper:Lower body ratio (birth,3,7 yo)

A

birth: 1.7
3yo: 1.3
7yo: 1

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21
Q 
length of ...
0-3 mo:
3-6 mo:
6-9 mo:
9-12 mo:
1-3 yo:
4-6 yo:
A 
length 
0-3 mo: 3.5cm/mo
3-6 mo: 2cm/mo
6-9 mo: 1.5cm/mo
9-12 mo: 1.2cm/mo
1-3 yo: 1cm/mo
4-6 yo: 3cm/yr
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22
Q 
HC of ...
0-3 mo:
3-6 mo:
6-9 mo:
9-12 mo:
1-3 yo:
4-6 yo:
A 
HC
0-3 mo: 2cm/mo
3-6 mo: 1cm/mo
6-9 mo: 0.5cm/mo
9-12 mo: 0.5cm/mo
1-3 yo: 0.25cm/mo
4-6 yo: 1cm/yr
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23
Q

waterlowe formula for stunting

A 
(actual HT/ ideal Ht for age) x 100
Normal	>95%
Mild 	90-95%
Moderate 85-89%
Severe	<85%
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24
Q

waterlowe formula for wasting

A 
(actual WT/ ideal WT for Ht) x 100
Normal 	>90%
Mild 	80-90%
Moderate 70-80%
Severe 	<70%
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25
Crying peaks (3hr/day)
6 weeks
26
Sleep reqt 14-16hrs/day
4 months
27
Localizes sound & familiar names
6 months
28
Non verbal communication
7 months
29
Use picture books to hasten language
8-10 months
30
Stranger anxiety | Object permanence
9 months
31
Rapproachement (clinginess)
18 months
32
Tantrums & breath holding spells peak
2 yo
33
Handedness, visual acuity 20/30, take BP
3 yo
34
Past tense, visual acuity 20/20 | No bed wetting (girls)
4 yo
35
Future tense | No bed wetting (boys)
5 yo
36
Conscience
5-6 yo
37
Girls: 1st sign of puberty (SMR2) breast budding
8 yo
38
Boys: (SMR 2) testicular enlargement
9.5 yo
39
Pineal gland calcifies
10 yo
40
Style of writing is set
12 yo
41
Preadolescent breast & pubic hair
SMR 1
42
PH: Sparse, lightly pigmented, straight, medial border of labia BREAST; Breast & papillae elevated as small mound, diameter of areola ↑
SMR 2
43
PH: Darker, begin to curl, ↑amt B: Breast & areola enlarged, no contour separation
SMR 3
44
PH: Coarse, curly, abundant < an adult B: Areola & papilla form secondary mound
SMR 4
45
PH: Adult feminine triangle, spread to medial surface thigh B: Mature, nipple projects, areola part of general breast contour
SMR 5
46
PH: Scanty, long, slightly pigmented P: Minimal change/ enlargement T: Enlarges scrotum, pink, texture altered
SMR 2
47
PH: Darker, start to curl, small amt P: Lengthens T: Larger
SMR 3
48
PH: Resembles adult type; less quantity, coarse, curly P: Larger glans & breadth ↑size T: Larger, scrotum darker
SMR 4
49
PH: Adult distribution, spread medial surface thighs | P/T: Adult size
SMR 5
50
age: 10-13yo SMR: 1-2
early adol
51
2 sex characteristics, begin rapid growth, awkward appearance (somatic)
early adol
52
Concrete operations, unable to perceive long term outcome of current decision, conventional morality (mental)
early adol
53
Preoccupied w/ changing body, self conscious, fantasy, present oriented (self concept)
early adol
54
↑need for privacy & bid independence (family)
early adol
55
Seek same-sex peer affiliation to counter instability (peer)
early adol
56
↑interest in sexual anatomy, questions genital changes, limited dating (sexual)
early adol
57
Middle school adjustment (social)
early adol
58
age: 14-16 yo SMR: 3-5
middle adol
59
Ht growth peaks, body shape/ composition, acne & odor, menarche/ spermarche (Somatic)
middle adol
60
Abstract thought (formal operation) perceive future implications but may not apply in decision making, questioning mores (mental)
middle adol
61
Concern w/ attractiveness, ↑ introspection, stereotypical ado (self concept)
middle adol
62
Conflict – control & independence, struggle for greater autonomy (family)
middle adol
63
Intense peer grp involvement, preoccupied peer culture, peer provide behavioral example (peer)
middle adol
64
age: 17-20 yo SMR: 5
late adol
65
Gauge skills & opportunities (society)
middle adol
66
age: 17-20 yo SMR: 5
late adole
67
Physically mature, slower growth (Somatic)
late adol
68
Future oriented w/ sense of perspective, idealism, absolutism, able to think things through independently (mental)
late adol
69
More stable body image, attractiveness may still be of concern, emancipation complete, firmer identity (self concept)
late adol
70
Emotional & physical separation from family, ↑autonomy (family)
late adol
71
Peer grp value recede in importance, intimacy/ possible commitment (peer)
late adol
72
Consolidation of sexual identity, focus on intimacy & form stable relationship, plan future commitment (sexual)
late adol
73
Career decision (society)
late adol
74
``` Infancy (0-1) Freud psycho-sexual: Erickson Psycho-social: Piaget Cognitive: Kohlberg Moral: ```
Infancy (0-1) Freud psycho-sexual: ORAL Erickson Psycho-social: TRUST vs MISTRUST Piaget Cognitive: sensorimotor
75
``` Toddler (2-3) Freud psycho-sexual: Erickson Psycho-social: Piaget Cognitive: Kohlberg Moral: ```
Toddler (2-3) Freud psycho-sexual: ANAL Erickson Psycho-social: Autonomy vs shame & doubt Piaget Cognitive: Sensorimotor Kohlberg Moral: Preconventional, avoid punishment obtain reward (stage 1&2)
76
``` Preschool (3-6) Freud psycho-sexual: Erickson Psycho-social: Piaget Cognitive: Kohlberg Moral: ```
Preschool (3-6) Freud psycho-sexual: Phallic/Oedipal Erickson Psycho-social: initiative vs guilt Piaget Cognitive: pre operational Kohlberg Moral: Conventional conformity (stage 3)
77
``` school age (6-12) Freud psycho-sexual: Erickson Psycho-social: Piaget Cognitive: Kohlberg Moral: ```
school age (6-12) Freud psycho-sexual: latency Erickson Psycho-social: Industry vs inferiority Piaget Cognitive: Concrete operation Kohlberg Moral: Conventional law & order (stage 4)
78
``` adol (12-20) Freud psycho-sexual: Erickson Psycho-social: Piaget Cognitive: Kohlberg Moral: ```
adol (12-20) Freud psycho-sexual: Genital Erickson Psycho-social: Identity vs role diffusion Piaget Cognitive: Formal operations Kohlberg Moral: Postconventional moral principle
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