Embalming > Guides And Limits > Flashcards

Guides And Limits Flashcards

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1
Q

Common Carotid Artery

A
  • Vessel most commonly used for arterial embalming.
  • Is large in diameter
  • accompanied by the internal jugular vein.
  • Supplies fluid directly to the head and the face.
  • The left common carotid is smaller and deeper.
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2
Q

Common Carotid Artery Anatomical Guide

A
  • located posterior to the medial border of the SCM on their perspective sides of the neck
  • Along the medial border of the SCM muscle, in the groove between the lateral border of the trachea and the medial border of the SCM muscle
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3
Q

Common Carotid Artery Anatomical Limits

A

Sternoclavicular articulation to thyroid cartilage

Begins at the level of the right sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

Left CC begins at the level of the second costal cartilage and extends to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

  • (RT) begins at eight points behind the sterno clavicular articulation, and extends to the level of the posterior border of the thyroid cartilage
  • (LF) begins at the level of the second coastal cartilage at the highest point of the arch of the aorta, and extends to the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage.
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4
Q

Common Carotid Artery Linear Guide

A
  • A line drawn from the sterno clavicular articulation to the anterior surface of the lobe of the ear
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5
Q

Incision Site for the Common Carotid Artery

A
  1. Sternoclavicular (most used)
  2. Parallel.
  3. Half moon
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6
Q

Accompanying Vein of the Common Carotid Artery

A
  • Internal Jugular Vein
  • lies lateral and superficial to the common carotid
  • tie vein off first
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7
Q

Anatomical Guide for the Axillary Artery

A
  • Along or just behind the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle
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8
Q

Anatomical Limits for the Axillary Artery

A

first rib to tendon teres major

  • Begins at the lateral border of the first rib, and extends to the lower border of the tendon of the teres major muscle
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9
Q

Linear Guide for the Axillary Artery

A
  • A line drawn through the center of the base of the axillary space, and parallel to the long axis of the upper axillary when abducted
  • Right through the center of the armpit
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10
Q

Incision site for the Axillary Artery

A
  • Along the interior border of the hairline of the axilla
  • Vein is superficial to artery
  • the posterior axillary fold can be identified by using one hand to grasp the tissue mass on the posterior side of the axilla on the contra-lateral side of the body
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11
Q

Accompanying vein to the Axillary Artery

A
  • Axillary Vein
  • Located medial and superficial to the axillary artery
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12
Q

Anatomical Guide for the Brachial Artery

A

Below the medial border biceps brachii

  • Lies posterior to the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle
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13
Q

Anatomical Limits for the Brachial Artery

A

Tendon teres major to antecubital fossa

  • Begins at the lower border of the tendon of the teres major muscle, and extends just inferior to the antecubital fossa
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14
Q

Linear Guide for the Brachial Artery

A

Axillary space to antecubital fossa

  • A line drawn from the center of the base of the AXILLARY SPACE to the center, inner BEND of the ELBOW (antecubital fossa)
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15
Q

Incision Site for the Brachial Artery

A
  • Along its linear guide
  • Specifically, it should be made in the middle 1/3 of the arm and an inch or two below the lower border of the axillary space.
  • This should be just below the normal hairline of the axilla
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16
Q

Accompanying Vein of the Brachial Artery

A
  • Basilic Vein
  • Lies medial and superficial to the brachial artery
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17
Q

Anatomical Guide for the Radial Artery

A

lateral to tendon flexor carpi radialis

  • located just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle
  • Most superficial artery in the entire body that embalmers use
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18
Q

Anatomical Limits for the Radial Artery

A

Below antecubital fossa to palm

  • from a point just inferior to the antiecubital fossa (INNER BEND OF ELBOW) to the palm of the HAND
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19
Q

Linear Guide for the Radial Artery

A
  • A line drawn from the center of the antecubital fossa to the center of the base of the index finger
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20
Q

Incision site for the radial artery

A
  • Just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle, just proximal to the bones of the wrist
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21
Q

Anatomical Guide for the Ulnar Artery

A
  • Lies lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle, between the tendons of the flexor carpi ulnaris, and the flexor digitorum superficialis
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22
Q

Anatomical Limits for the Ulnar Artery

A
  • Extends from the anti-cubital fossa to the palm of the hand
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23
Q

Linear Guide for the Ulnar Artery

A
  • A line drawn from the center of the antecubital fossa to a point between the fourth and fifth fingers
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24
Q

Incision Site for the Ulnar Artery

A
  • between the 10 mins of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle in the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
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25
Anatomical Guide for the Femoral Artery
- located through the center of the femoral triangle (Scarpa’s triangle) bound laterally by the sartorius muscle and medially by the adductor longus muscle
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Anatomical Limits for the Femoral Artery
Behind inguinal ligament to adductor Magnus - begins at a point behind the inguinal ligament and ends at the opening of the adductor Magnus muscle
27
Linear Guide for the Femoral Artery
- A line drawn on the surface of the thigh from the center of the inguinal ligament to the point of the medial condyle of the femur
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Incision Site for the Femoral Artery
- A parallel incision made 1/3 the distance from the pubic symphysis to the crest of the illium - 1/2 inch to 1 inch inferior to the inguinal ligament (Poupart’s Ligament)
29
Accompanying Vein of the Femoral Artery
- Femoral vein - Lies medial and deep to the artery
30
Anatomical guide for the popliteal artery
- A continuation of the femoral artery and is located at the back of the knees - It descends from the opening of the adductor longus muscle to the lower border of the popliteus muscle, passing behind the knee joint - Just below the knee joint it divides into the posterior and anterior tibial arteries
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Anatomical limits for the popliteal artery
Adductor Magnus to popliteus - begins at the opening of the adductor Magnus muscle and terminates at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle
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Linear guide for the popliteal artery
- A line drawn through the center of the popliteal space parallel to the long axis of the lower extremity
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Incision site for the popliteal artery
- A longitudinal incision of the posterior medial aspect of the die just **above the popliteal space**
34
Anterior tibial artery
- serves to deliver oxygenated blood to the front portion of the lower leg - The anterior tibial artery passes in front of the ankle joint and continues as the dorsalis pedis artery
35
Anatomical Guide for the anterior tibial artery
- inferior and lateral edge of the tibia - originates at the bifurcation of the popliteal artery at the lower border of the popliteal space - at this point of termination, it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery
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Anatomical Limits for the Anterior Tibial Artery
Popliteal Space to ankle joint - Begins at the inferior border of the popliteal space and ends in front of the ankle joint
37
Linear Guide of the Anterior Tibial Artery
- A line drawn from the lateral border of the patella to the anterior surface of the ankle joint
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Incision Site for the Anterior Tibial Artery
- Along the lateral margin of the **lower 1/3 of the crest of the tibia**
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Posterior Tibial Artery
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Anatomical Guide for the Posterior Tibial Artery
- The groove behind, and below the medial/inner malleolus (ankle joint) - begins at the lower border of the popliteal space opposite the interval between the tibia and the fibula
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Anatomical Limits for the Posterior Tibial Artery
Popliteal space to the abductor hallicus - Begins at the inferior border of the popliteal space, and ends at the origin of the abductor hallucls muscle
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Linear Guide for the Posterior Tibial Artery
- A line drawn from the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus in the calcaneus bone
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Incision site for the Posterior Tibial Artery
- Along the linear guide, which is midway between the medial malleolus and the calcaneus tendon (Achilles tendon)
44
Dorsalis Pedis Artery
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Anatomical Guide for the Dorsalis Pedis Artery
- Is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery in lies between or in the groove between the tendon of the extensor hallucls longus muscle, and the tendon of the extensor digitorum longus muscle on the dorsal surface of the foot
46
Linear guide for the dorsalis pedis artery
- has no anatomical limits - A line drawn from the center of the anterior surface of the ankle joint to a point midway between the big toe in the adjacent toe (between first and second toe)
47
Incision site for the dorsalis pedis artery
- Is made along the superior 1/3 of the linear guide
48
Internal Jugular Vein
- The right internal jugular leads directly into the right atrium of the heart through the right brachiocephalic and superior vena cava. - The right internal jugular vein is a favorable drainage site for that reason.
49
Axillary Artery
- The artery beings at the lateral border of the first rib after passing through the cervicoaxillary canal. - Used to be the preferred site to inject the entire body. - Now commonly used as a secondary point of injection when the solution isn't reaching the arm. (Near the armpit.)
50
Brachial Artery
- Continuation or the axillary artery. - Is also used as a secondary injection to reach the forearm or the hand. (Extending from the armpit.)
51
Radial Artery
- Originates at the bifurcation of the brachial artery and supplies solution directly to the lateral side of the hand (thumb.) (Near the wrist.) Remember: Lateral side, Thumb side
52
Ulnar Artery
- Also originates at the bifurcation of the brachial artery and supplies solution directly to the medial side of the hand (little finger.) (Near the wrist.) - Largest of the two branches of the brachial artery Remember: Medial side, Pinky side
53
Femoral Artery
- Continuation of the external iliac artery, and is located superficial and lateral to the femoral vein. - Is a frequent selection for arterial embalming.
54
Popliteal Artery
- A continuation of the femoral artery - can be used as a secondary injection site when solution has not been distributed below the knee. - (Is located behind the knee.)
55
Supraclavicular Incision
Made along the clavicle laterally
56
Semilunar (Flap Incision)
Extends from a point lateral and slightly superior the the sternoclavicular articulation and is directed inferiorly, crossing the upper chest in an ARC
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Arteries vs Veins
- Arteries are used for injection - Veins are used for drainage - Blood in the veins run opposite it to the blood in the arteries - anatomical limits and linear guides are based off of the flow of blood in the arteries, therefore, the guides and limits for veins will be opposite of their respective artery
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Anatomical Position
The subject is standing erect (or laying on the table), the arms are at the side and the palms of the hands can be seen by the embalmer.
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What is an Anatomical Guide?
- A method of locating a structure (such as an artery or vein) by referencing in adjacent known or prominent structure - what is around the artery?
60
What is a Linear Guide?
- A LINE drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper lying structure
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What is an Anatomical Limit?
- the point of origin and the point of termination of a structure in relation to adjacent structures - Beginning and end of vessels
Embalming
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