IBS

Question 1

What is IBS?

Answer 1

A group of functional bowel disorders with chronic abdominal complaints
- immune stress response

Question 2

What are the microbiome involved in IBS?

Answer 2

• Microbiota species increase in IBS: streptococcus (IBS with diarrhoea), Methanobareribactor (IBS with constipation).
• Microbiota species decrease in IBS: streptococcus (IBS with constipation), Methanobareribacter (mixed IBS)

Question 3

Describe the diagnosis of IBS

Answer 3

Abdominal pain/discomfort
Bloating
Change in bowel movement
- worsened when eating
- Passage of mucus

Question 4

What are the tests that need to be carried out?

Answer 4

Full blood count
ESR - erythrocyte sedimentation rate
CRP - C-reactive protein
Testing for coeliac

Question 5

What are the symptoms of IBS?

Answer 5

<3 bowel movements a week
>3 bowel movements a day
Hard/lumpy stool
Loose/watery stool
Feeling of incomplete bowel movement
Passing mucus
Abdominal fullness/bloating/swelling

Question 6

Anticholinergics

Answer 6

1. Hyoscine - Buscopan
   - Inibit Ach-R
   - Relax smooth muscle and prevents stomach spasm
2. Mebeverine HCL
   - Minimal systemic absorption
   - Anti-spasmodic and smooth muscle relaxer and relieves stomach pain and spasm.

Question 7

Opioids

Answer 7

Anti-motility
1. Loperamide
- Bind to opioid-R in the gut - analgesic effect
- Enhances water and electrolyte reabsorption
- Effective within 1 hours