INCOMPLETE Urinary System

Question 1

Components of the Urinary System

Answer 1

• Kidney (covered by renal capsule)
• Ureter
• Urinary Bladder
• Urethra

Question 2

Bladder made of

Answer 2

muscle and lots of nerves

Question 3

urge to urinate starts at…?ml

Answer 3

100ml

Question 4

Length of Urethras

Answer 4

Men, 20cm

Women, 4 cm

Question 5

Blood travels to the kidney via …

Answer 5

the renal artery

Question 6

Layers of the Kidney

Answer 6

• cover: Renal Capsule
• Renal Cortex
• Renal Medulla
• Renal Pelvis

Question 7

Functional unit of the kidney

Answer 7

• Nephron
• 1 mil per kidney
• 7-12 pyramids per kidney

Question 8

Fx of Kidney

Answer 8

• filtration (blood, waste: urea, creatinin, amonia, uric acid)
• reabsorbtion
• elimination (H2O ,N waste)
• secretion (hormones: renin, erthropoetim)
• regulation: BP, E, H2O, hormone secretions

Question 9

UTI

Answer 9

• bacterial invasion of UT
• 2nd most comm bacterial disease
• # 1 nosocomial infec

Question 10

UTI: Cause

Answer 10

-Ecoli (most common)

Question 11

Lower UTIs

Answer 11

• urethritis
• prostatitis (men)
• cystitis (inflam of bladder)

Question 12

Upper UTIs

Answer 12

• pyelonephritis (whole kidney infected)

- Ureteritis

Question 13

Upper UTI’s cause

Answer 13

un Rx UTIs

Question 14

UTI: Risk Factors

Answer 14

• women (ESTR lo w age, lining width decreases) => risk of UTI
• aging
• sexual int
• urinary catheritization
• DM (lo immune)
• Neurogenic Bladder (bladder lose sensitivity d/t SCI, Post Sx, brain damage, foley catheter)
• Urine statis
• BPH (enlarged prostate)
• Diaphragm (w spermicide, kills good/bad bacteria)

Question 15

UTI: Dx

Answer 15

• if bact count low but symptomatic, they treat
• if bact over 100,000, treat even if asymptomatic.
• UA
• Urine C&S

Question 16

UTI: Ni

Answer 16

-drink fluids to unstick bac from bladder

Question 17

Honeymoon Cystitis

Answer 17

• prolonged sex

- sex after long break

Question 18

UTI: SS

Answer 18

• dysuria (burning)
• urgency
• frequency
• incontinence
• fever (not all)
• nocturia
• hematuria (men)
• flank pain
• foul smell/cloudy

Question 19

UTI: SS in Elderly

Answer 19

• atypical SS
• Fever
• asthenia (fatigue)
• change in mental status (confusion, delirium)
• Parkinson (bladd not getting elec mess to void)

Question 20

Clean Catch: steps

Answer 20

• wipe 4 x
• urinate 1/2 in toilet
• catch the rest

Question 21

UTI: Rx

Answer 21

-abx

common MEDS

• cipro
• levaquin (usually for URI)
• macrodantin
• bactrim
• LO caffeine,LO ETOH
• acetameniphen, ibuprofen
• NO codeine (cause constipation)

Question 22

UTI: Pt teaching, Abx

Answer 22

• finish course
• w food
• drink lots H2O
• probiotic, 2-5 hrs after (not together)

Question 23

UTI: Prevention

Answer 23

• LO caffeine, LO ETOH
• clean: front to back
• shower, no bath
• drink lots fluid
• pee b4 and after sex
• douches, NEVER,kill good bact

Question 24

pH of healthy Vagina

Answer 24

acidic

drink apple juice
cranberry juice
grape juice

Question 25

Urethritis

Answer 25

Inflam of Urethra

Question 26

Urethritis: Cause

Answer 26

- bacterial infection - trauma (catheter, childbirth) - chem iritants (bubble bath, bath salts) - STD: gonorrhea (gonoccucal urethritis)

Question 27

Urethritis: SS

Answer 27

- dysuria - itching - frequency - urgency - purulent discharge

Question 28

Urethritis: Dx

Answer 28

- UA - Urine Culture Dx stage a GFR (glomerular filtration rate)

Question 29

Urethritis: Rx

Answer 29

- remove cause - abx - urinary analgesic (pyridium)

Question 30

Pyridium: Pt teaching

Answer 30

Urinary analgesic uses: dysuria, urgency, freq - 3x daily w food - urine orange - GI upset SE: hepato/renal toxic do NOT use w renal insuff

Question 31

? Normal Na

Answer 31

3.5 - 5.0

Question 32

? Normal K

Answer 32

???

Question 33

? Normal BUN

Answer 33

15-20?

Question 34

? Normal Creatinin

Answer 34

0.7 - 1.3 mg/dL

Question 35

pg 8 of Barrah notes

Answer 35

.