INTRO Flashcards

Question

Mental disorders are usually associated with significant _______ in social, occupational, or other important activities.

Answer 1

distress or disability

Answer 2

It is important to establish an accurate diagnosis Consistently use appropriate terminology Specifiers Used to guide treatment, set expectations, and determine follow-up

Answer 3

Intelligence Tests Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised - IQ Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Personality assessment Screening Instruments – PHQ-9, BDI, QIDS-SRI16 Depression screening assessments Neuropsychological Assessment Aids in extent and type of dysfunction

Answer 4

Projective Tests Rorschach Psychodiagnostics Inkblots – psychodynamic themes & aberrations Thematic Apperception Test Situational pictures to assess interpersonal conflicts

Answer 5

Neurological Evaluation MRI of Brain – structural abnormalities EEG Functional MRI and/or PET scan ## Footnote Brain imaging such as MRI, is used to detect potential structural abnormalities in the patient who presents with a nondefinitive history and examination (eg, dissociative episodes, unusual psychotic episodes not explained by drug abuse, or an acute change in mental status). Electroencephalography is useful for the diagnosis of seizure disorders and in differentiating delirium from depression or dementia. Typically, delirium is associated with generalized electroencephalographic slowing, while depression and dementia do not have this change. Functional MRI (fMRI), and PET provide images of brain activity. These imaging modalities have been used frequently in research and are opening new understandings of brain functioning

Answer 6

Urine Drug Screen Generalized to account for organic causes of symptoms Monitoring treatment regimens

Answer 7

Evaluating a suicidal or potentially violent patient Complex diagnostic problems Behaviorally challenging conditions Bipolar affective disorder Psychotic states Psycho-pharmacologically complicated cases Referrals for specialized psychotherapy or interventional psychiatric treatment

Answer 8

Patients are unable to care for themselves Threat to themselves or others Observation and diagnostic procedures are necessary Specific kinds of treatments are required Complex medical trial

Answer 9

ECT TMS Counseling Psychotherapy Lifestyle- sunshine, diet, foods ## Footnote Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are both brain stimulation treatments used to treat mental health conditions, primarily major depressive disorder. However, they differ in several key aspects: Mechanism of Action: ECT: Induces a brief, controlled seizure by passing electrical currents through the brain. TMS: Uses magnetic pulses to stimulate specific areas of the brain. Procedure: ECT: Performed in a hospital setting under general anesthesia. TMS: Performed in an outpatient setting without anesthesia. Side Effects: ECT: Can cause temporary memory loss, confusion, and headaches. TMS: Generally well-tolerated with minimal side effects, such as mild scalp discomfort or headache. Indications: ECT: Typically used for severe, treatment-resistant depression. TMS: May be used for less severe depression or when ECT is contraindicated. Effectiveness: ECT: Can be highly effective for severe depression, but has a higher risk of side effects. TMS: Generally less effective than ECT, but has a lower risk of side effects. Other Considerations: ECT: Requires a longer recovery period and may require hospitalization. TMS: Can be administered as an outpatient procedure, allowing patients to resume their daily activities quickly.

Answer 10

SSRI - BIG ONE | takes a while ## Footnote General SSRI characteristics *take 4-6 weeks to become fully effective *sexual side effects are common *work by inhibiting serotonin reuptake in the synapse Special considerations of SSRIs *Fluoxetine – longest half-life *Sertraline – OCD at high doses *Fluvoxamine – shortest half-life *Citalopram – *Escitalopram – *Paroxetine *Birth defects *Short half-life *Withdrawal symptoms Antipsychotics – typical – EPS Aes – dystonia, akathisia, pseudoparkinsonism, tardive dyskinesia Atypical – metabolic abn – elevated glucose, lipids, weight gain look at meds that treat both things ASK ABOUT MANIA

Answer 11

ssri can cause mania

Answer 12

appetite suppression

Answer 13

Assess for immediate danger to self, staff, or others --> position self in front of door Ensure a safe environment Remove weapons, secure exits Call for help if needed Maintain a calm, non-threatening demeanor Assess medical causes Delirium, intoxication, withdrawal, metabolic disorder

Answer 14

De-escalate the situation when possible Speak calmly Utilize active listening Empathize with the patient Acknowledge the feelings of the patient Offer choices if possible Medication (if needed) Physical Restraint (Last Resort)

Answer 15

haliperidol + lorazepam

Answer 16

Labs: CBC, CMP, toxicology screen, blood alcohol level EKG Neuroimaging Infectious work-up ## Footnote UTI- delirum

Answer 17

Medical: hypoglycemia, hypoxia, infection, metabolic imbalances Substance-induced: alcohol withdrawal, stimulant intoxication Psychiatric: schizophrenia, mania, personality disorders, PTSD

Answer 18

informed consent assesing capacity

Answer 19

Emergent Situations Therapeutic Privilege Waiver Court Order

Answer 20

Always belongs to the patient Can be waived in certain circumstances Child abuse reporting Threat to self or others Malpractice

Answer 21

Patients have the right to refuse treatment offered to them as long as: They have the capacity to make that decision Restraints can be allowed in emergency situations Chemical Physical

Answer 22

**Typically in a psychiatric facility **Known as a civil commitment A judge will order the patient to the hospital and the medical provider brings the concerns to light Providers can temporally detain **Statute-dependent **Most states require a mental illness with threat to themselves or others or have a grave disability

Answer 23

Constitutional Requirement Provider aides in determining if the patient has competence to stand trial Not guilty by reason of insanity

Answer 24

providing competent medical care with compassion & respect for human dignity and rights

Answer 25

Providers shall uphold the standards of professionalism, be honest in all professional interactions and strive to report other providers deficient in character or competence or engaging in fraud or deception to appropriate ethics

Answer 26

respect the law and also recognize a responsibility to seek changes in those requirements which are contrary to the best interests of the patient.

Answer 27

4. Providers shall respect the rights of patients, colleagues, and other health professionals, and shall safeguard patient confidences and privacy within the constraints of the law

Answer 28

5. Providers shall continue to __, __, and ___, maintain a commitment to medical education, make relevant information available to patient's, colleagues, and the public, obtain consultation, and use the talents of other health professionals when indicated.

Answer 29

Providers shall, in the provision of appropriate patient care, except in emergencies, be free to choose whom to serve, with whom to associate, and the environment in which to provide medical care.

Answer 30

7. Providers shall recognize a responsibility to participate in activities contributing to the improvement of the community and the betterment of public health 8. Providers shall, while caring for a patient, regard responsibility to the patient as paramount 9. Providers shall support access to medical care for all people

Answer 31

Social Sexual Romantic Business relationships And from relationships that transform into caretaking of the provider by the patient Maintain the identity and roles of the patient and provider

Answer 32

Life Crises – effects of aging, career disappointments, unfulfilled hopes, marital conflicts Transitions – job changes or job loss Medical Illness Arrogance – belief that a violation could not happen to you & not recognizing need for consultation Stress Points – shared by the patient

INTRO Flashcards

(58 cards)