Kahilainen et al., 2014 - conservation implications of species-genetic diversity correlations Flashcards Preview

APS271 Conservation Principles > Kahilainen et al., 2014 - conservation implications of species-genetic diversity correlations > Flashcards

Flashcards in Kahilainen et al., 2014 - conservation implications of species-genetic diversity correlations Deck (8)
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1
Q

Why is intrapopulation genetic diversity important for the long-term persistence of populations?

A
  • genetically determined phenotypic variation equated to a populations adaptive potential
  • neutral genetic variation in populations reflect genetic drift & inbreeding which both reduce population viability
  • reduced genetic diversity is related to extinction risk
  • the ultimate goal of conservation actions is to ensure the long-term persistence of species,
  • the conservation of intrapopulation genetic diversity should be of high priority
2
Q

What is SGDC/what are studies on it useful for?

A
  • species-genetic diversity correlations
  • info on whether conservation of intrapopulation genetic diversity can conflict w conservation of species diversity / vice versa
  • increases in area/connectivity are associated with positive SGDCs and persistence of species diversity
3
Q

What are alpha SGDC (α-SGDC)

A
  • relationship between species diversity in a local community & intrapopulation genetic diversity within the species
  • observed both negative and positive in natural systems
  • sign of the α-SGDC directly indicates whether there is a conflict between the conservation of the two levels of biodiversity
  • postive α- SGDC = actions to conserve species diversity in a community likely to conserve intrapopulation genetic diversity too
  • negative α-SGDC = opposite
  • driven by stochastic processes, dispersal, and selection
  • stronger on islands/island like localities
4
Q

What is beta SGDC (β-SGDC)?

A
  • differentiation between SDGCs at different localities
5
Q

What drives genetic diversity within populations?

A
  • genetic diversity within populations
    (e. g. haplotype diversity, allelic richness, heterozygosity, or quantitative genetic variation)
  • influenced by population size, gene flow, and selection
  • above can be driven by same environmental characteristics that drive species diversity
6
Q

What is the relationship of SGDCs with area?

A
  • when community size positively correlates with area, area can drive positive α-SGDC
    e. g. via stochastic processes, sampling effect
  • # observed species increases with area
  • extinction rate declines with area due to reduced demographic stochasticity
  • average population size increases with increasing area
  • more genetic diversity sampled from the regional gene pool
  • reduced
    intensity of genetic drift
  • larger populations tend to be more genetically diverse
  • expected to drive positive β-SGDCs
7
Q

What is the relationship of SGDCs with connectivity?

A
  • connectivity influences dispersal between localities
  • well connected localities more likely to receive immigrants from more species than unconnected ones
  • also receive more alleles
  • connectivity expected to drive positive α-SGDCs
  • connectivity is expected to influence degree of community & genetic differentiation in parallel
  • positive β-SGDC
8
Q

What is the relationship of SGDCs with environmental heterogeneity?

A
  • spatial/temporal/spatio-temporal
  • increasing environmental heterogeneity = suitable conditions for more species to persist in a locality, less chance of competitive exclusion
  • more species in environmentally heterogeneous areas
  • can cause disruptive selection
  • allow for varying genotypes w/i a population
  • BUT can end up selecting for generalists potentially reducing SGDCs (number of species & genetic diversity)
  • may also support smaller populations of more species
  • increased rare habitats, but smaller habitats
  • higher species diversity but lower genetic diversity?