vent port
basically a large hole in the valve (usually not used in most circuits but is used in a couple)
seals on cylinder pistons
lipseals, cast iron piston rings, or a single bidirectional sealing element
double acting cylinder
- rod: rod gland bushing seals
seals
without seals, fluid leaks and cylinder reduces speed
piggy back valves
valves such as solenoid operated directional valves are positioned on top of other valves in a piggy back arrangement
solenoid controlled, pilot operated DCV
pilot valves controls motion of the main spool and solenoid controls pilot
choke control