Lecture 9

Question 1

What type of virus are Genus Flavivirus

Answer 1

Mosquito-borne

Question 2

What form is flavivirus in

Answer 2

Enveloped

Question 3

How can pathogenesis of flaviviruses be divided (3)

Answer 3

1. Associated primarily with haemorrhage fevers
2. With a fever-arthralgia rah
3. Causing encephalitis syndorme

Question 4

What are encephalitic flaviviruses

Answer 4

Neurotropic

Question 5

What sort of infection is flavivirus

Answer 5

Natural infection of the CNS

Question 6

In the initial West Nile virus where does replication occur

Answer 6

in skin - langerhans dendritic cells

Question 7

What results in the faster development of West Nile virus

Answer 7

Macrophage depletion

Question 8

What are important facts in limiting infection and clearing systemic virus

Answer 8

Type I interferons and macrophages

Question 9

What is the risk of entry into the CNS dependent on (4) (flaviviruses)

Answer 9

1. Time of onset
2. Magnitude
3. Duration
4. Innate immune system

Question 10

Flaviviruses: what does TNF-a regulate

Answer 10

Inflammatory cytokine production

Question 11

Where does WNV replicate

Answer 11

Endoplasmic reticulum associated membranes to generate a negative strand RNA intermediate there serves as a template for positive strand RNA synthesis

Question 12

How do diagnose flaviviruses (5)

Answer 12

1. ELSIA
2. SNT
3. Immunoflourescene assays
4. VI and RT-PCR
5. Immunohistochemical staining

Question 13

What is Genus Pestivirus no transmitted by

Answer 13

Arthropods

Question 14

What are the disease symptoms of Genus Pestivirus (3)

Answer 14

1. Bovine viral diarrhoea
2. Mucosal disease
3. Border disease

Question 15

Can Genus Pestivirus cross the placenta

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

What is the most pathogenic Genus Pestivirus

Answer 16

Bovine viral diarrhoea

Question 17

What can recombination cause with bovine viral diarrhoea

Answer 17

NCP BVDV to be CP

Question 18

What does the outcome of NCP BVDV of the foetus depend on

Answer 18

Age

Question 19

Where does mucosal disease occur

Answer 19

Where there is superinfection with a cytopathic BVD

Question 20

What are the clinical signs of mucosal disease (5)

Answer 20

1. Watery diarrhoea
2. Chronic weight loss
3. Erosions in the mouth
4. Excessive salivation and nasal discharge
5. Ulcers

Question 21

How can you diagnose BVDV (3)

Answer 21

1. Blood samples
2. Antibody of the virus checked
3. Tests carried out on blood

Question 22

How to manage BVDV

Answer 22

1. Identify all the carriers in the heard
2. Manage the herd to maximise the likelihood of infection of young heifer well. before making
3. Commence a regular vaccination program against pestivirus

Question 23

Can classical swine virus cross the placenta

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

How is classical swine fever controlled

Answer 24

1. Attenuated live vaccine

Question 25

How is classical swine fever diagnosis

Answer 25

1. Animals infected will produce an immune response that can be detected using a variety of serological techniques

Question 26

How is classical swine fever diagnosed when it is persistent

Answer 26

Require immunostaning

Question 27

What form are Togaviruses in

Answer 27

Enveloped

Question 28

What do Togaviruses resemble

Answer 28

Cellular mRNAs

Question 29

What is the most common mosquito-borne pathogen

Answer 29

Ross River virus

Question 30

When does mucosal disease occur

Answer 30

Where there is superinfection with a cytopathic BVD

Question 31

What are the clinical signs of mucosal disease (5)

Answer 31

1. Watery diarrhoea 2. Chronic weight loss 3. Erosions in the mouth 4. Excessive salivation and nasal discharge 5. Ulcers on hoofs causing lameness

Question 32

What are the consequences of mucosal disease

Answer 32

1. Infected animals secrete large amount of virus | 2. Continuously shed the virus to the herd

Question 33

How to diagnosis BVDV

Answer 33

RT PCR using blood sample from ear

Question 34

What sort of virus is African swine fever virus

Answer 34

DNA virus