Lesson 2 - Thinking Like a Historian

Question 1

What do historians pay focus to when reading historical documents?

Answer 1

• argument
• purpose
• context
• content
• credibility

Question 2

What do researchers who study the discipline of history place a high value on?

Answer 2

critical thinking skills

Question 3

How do historians figure what happened in the past?

Answer 3

• understanding and evaluating change and continuity over time
• making appropriate historical evidence in answering questions
• developing coherent interpretations and arguments about how and why things happened

Question 4

How do most historians read texts of all kinds?

Answer 4

with a particular set of questions in mind

Question 5

Rather than accepting texts at face value, what do historians do?

Answer 5

• read between the lines and understand where a document came from
• QUALITY (how its origins affected its content)
• CREDIBILITY (whether or not it is trustworthy)

Question 6

What are the four (4) other historical skills?

Answer 6

1. Comprehension: Chronology, terms, and concepts
2. Analysis and use of sources
3. Research
4. Explanation and Communication

Question 7

organize events in the order they happened

Answer 7

chronology

Question 8

useful way to visually represent the scope of the time, as well as the order of events

Answer 8

timeline

Question 9

Pre-Colonial Period

Answer 9

Early Spanish Expeditions (1521-1565)

Question 10

Colonial Period

Answer 10

• Spanish Era (1565-1898)
• American Period (1898-1946)
• Japanese Period (1941-1945)

Question 11

Post-Colonial Period

Answer 11

• Third Republic Period (1946-1971)
• Fourth Republic Period (1971-1986)
• Fifth Republic Period (1986-present)

Question 12

When ordering time BC, remember to count

Answer 12

backward from 1

Question 13

When ordering time AD remember to count

Answer 13

forwards from 1

Question 14

BC

Answer 14

before Christ

Question 15

AD

Answer 15

Anno Domini

Question 16

Anno Domini meaning

Answer 16

in the year of the Lord

Question 17

Four (4) Steps of Analyzing and Using of Sources

Answer 17

1. Identify the origin and purpose of primary and secondary sources
2. Locate, compare, select, and use information from a range of sources as evidence
3. Conclude the usefulness of sources
4. Separating fact from opinion

Question 18

It is essential for historians to understand: __ and __

Answer 18

origin (where they came from)
purpose (why they were created)

Question 19

by this stage, historians located and collected a variety of different sources and types of information

Answer 19

Locate, compare, select, and use information from a range of sources as evidence

Question 20

• a useful source is one that will add to your understanding of a historical inquiry
• the source needs to be relevant to the topic or question asked and must be reliable

Answer 20

Conclude the usefulness of sources

Question 21

something that can be proven

Answer 21

fact

Question 22

based on what a person, or persons, may believe to be true

Answer 22

opinion

Question 23

ask a range of questions about the past to inform a historical inquiry

Answer 23

research

Question 24

purpose is to give clear information about people, places, objects at moments in time

Answer 24

Writing descriptions

Question 25

the researcher is presenting a hypothesis that can support with primary and secondary sources

Answer 25

Writing historical explanations and historical arguments

Question 26

process of acknowledging historians, writers, or sources you have relied on for information and evidence

Answer 26

Referencing

Question 27

How are references integrated into writing?

Answer 27

Footnotes (bottom of the page) Endnotes (end of your piece)

Question 28

Importance of referencing

Answer 28

1. evidence that validates your argument 2. evidence of effective research 3. acknowledges the work of others

Question 29

most standard referencing style being used

Answer 29

Chicago Manual of Style

Question 30

Two (2) of the most common referencing systems

Answer 30

1. Oxford (UK) 2. Harvard (US)

Question 31

also known as 'documentary note referencing' or 'footnoting'

Answer 31

Oxford method

Question 32

uses in-text citations rather than superscript numbering

Answer 32

Harvard method

Question 33

1433 Penal Code by Datu Kalantiaw

Answer 33

Kalantiaw Code

Question 34

How many offenses are there in the kalantiaw code

Answer 34

36

Question 35

How many theses are there in kalantiaw code

Answer 35

18

Question 36

How many punishments are there in kalantiaw code

Answer 36

15 corporal and capital punishment

Question 37

Who questioned the authenticity of kalantiaw code?

Answer 37

William Henry Scott

Question 38

Who is the "source" of the kalantiaw code?

Answer 38

Fr. Jose Ma. Pavon

Question 39

Declared that the Code of Kalantiaw has no valid historical basis

Answer 39

National Historical Institute (NHI) Resolution 12 (2014)

Question 40

Earliest record in the Philippine History

Answer 40

Laguna Copperplate Inscription (LCI)

Question 41

Measurement of the LCI

Answer 41

20 x 20 cm

Question 42

What is the language used in the LCI

Answer 42

Kawi script - 10th century

Question 43

Kawi script is a variety language of __

Answer 43

Old Malay and loanwords from Sanskrit, Old Tagalog and Old Javanese