What is a logical fallacy?
A flaw in reasoning that renders an argument invalid.
True or False: All logical fallacies are intentional.
False.
Fill in the blank: An argument that attacks the person making it rather than the argument itself is called _______.
Ad hominem.
What logical fallacy involves drawing a conclusion based on insufficient evidence?
Hasty generalization.
Which logical fallacy occurs when a conclusion is based on the premise that something is true because it has not been proven false?
Argument from ignorance.
True or False: Straw man fallacy misrepresents an opponent’s argument to make it easier to attack.
True.
What is a slippery slope fallacy?
An argument suggesting that a minor action will lead to major and oftentimes ludicrous consequences.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of a false dilemma? A) You can either be with us or against us. B) The sky is blue. C) All dogs bark.
A) You can either be with us or against us.
What logical fallacy involves appealing to the popularity of a belief as a reason for accepting it?
Bandwagon fallacy.
Fill in the blank: A fallacy that assumes that because two things occur together, one must cause the other is called _______.
Post hoc ergo propter hoc.
True or False: The red herring fallacy introduces irrelevant information to distract from the original issue.
True.
What is the definition of a false analogy?
A fallacy that occurs when an analogy is drawn between two objects or ideas that are not truly comparable.
Multiple choice: Which fallacy is characterized by the conclusion that a claim is true simply because it has not been proven false? A) Ad hominem B) Appeal to ignorance C) Slippery slope
B) Appeal to ignorance.
What logical fallacy involves assuming that because something is true for one case, it must be true for all cases?
Sweeping generalization.
Fill in the blank: The fallacy where an argument is dismissed because of its source is known as _______.
Genetic fallacy.
True or False: Circular reasoning is a fallacy where the conclusion is included in the premise.
True.
What is an example of a red herring fallacy?
Introducing unrelated information to divert attention from the main argument.
Multiple choice: Which of the following is an example of a slippery slope fallacy? A) If we allow students to redo tests, soon they will expect to redo every assignment. B) All cats are animals. C) He is a bad student because he failed his last exam.
A) If we allow students to redo tests, soon they will expect to redo every assignment.
What type of fallacy is committed when one assumes that the future will be the same as the past?
Fallacy of composition.
Fill in the blank: An appeal to _______ fallacy relies on the authority of a person rather than the evidence presented.
authority.
True or False: The appeal to emotion fallacy is valid reasoning.
False.
What fallacy occurs when a person uses a distorted version of someone’s argument to refute it?
Straw man fallacy.
Multiple choice: Which of the following best defines the appeal to tradition fallacy? A) Arguing that something is true because it has always been done that way. B) Drawing a conclusion from a single case. C) Misleading statistics.
A) Arguing that something is true because it has always been done that way.
What is meant by the term ‘tu quoque’ fallacy?
A fallacy that attempts to discredit an opponent’s argument by pointing out hypocrisy.
