Materials

Question 1

Strength

Answer 1

its ability to resist force.

Question 2

Elasticity

Answer 2

its ability to return to its original shape or length once a load or force acting on it is removed.

Question 3

Plasticity

Answer 3

one that will change shape/length under a load but will stay in the deformed shape once the load is removed

Question 4

Ductility

Answer 4

one that can bend and stretch without breaking

Question 5

Brittleness

Answer 5

one that is easily cracked, snapped or broken when a force is applied.

Question 6

Malleability

Answer 6

it can be shaped, worked or formed without fracturing

Question 7

Tensile Graph

Answer 7

See jotter

between points 0 and A = Elastic Region
Point A = Limit of elasticity 
Point B = Yield Point
between point B and D = plastic range
Point C = Ultimate load
between points C and D = the amount of force the material can withstand
point D = breaking point

Question 8

σ = F/A

stress

Answer 8

σ = stress (Nm-2)
F = Force (N)
A = area (m^2)

Question 9

ε = Δl/l

strain

Answer 9

ε = strain (no unit)
Δl = change in length (m)
l = length (m)

Question 10

Stress-Strain Graph

Answer 10

See jotter

Ultimate Tensile Stress = at the maximum yield strain
Yield Stress = at the end of the elastic range

Question 11

Young’s Modulus

Answer 11

E = σ/ε

E = Young's Modulus
σ = Stress (Nm-2)
ε = Strain (no unit)

Question 12

Factor of Safety

Answer 12

common reasons for a structural failure
Overloading
Material Failure
Joint Failure
Fatigue