Which method of sedation is safest for pts with alcohol/ drug problem?
Inhalation
no systemic metabolism
What is Seller’s General Adaptation Syndrome?
Phase 1 = alarm reaction
Phase 2 = resistance (cope with stressor)
Phase 3 = exhaustion (reserves depleted)
What are the causes for dental fear?
- Role modelling after parents/ peers
- Media
- Expectation of pain + discomfort
- Lack of knowledge
- Negative past exp
What are the symptoms for depression?
- Low mood
- Anhedonia
- Lethargy
What types of consulting styles are there?
- Directing = delivery of expert advice
- Following = listening, support, encouragement
- Guiding = work together with pt to identify goals and ways to achieve
Who may register with the GDC?
- Dentists
- Dental nurses
- Dental hygienists
- Dental therapists
- Orthodontic therapists
- Dental technicians
- Clinical dental technicians
What are the 9 GDC standards set for the dental team?
- Put pts interests first
- Communicate effectively with pt
- Obtain valid consent
- Maintain and protect pt information
- Have a clear and effective complaints procedure
- Work with colleagues in a way that is in pt best interest
- Maintain, develop and work within your professional knowledge and skills
- Raise concerns if pt at risk
- Ensure personal behaviour maintains pt confidence in you and the dental profession
How are pack years calculated?
cigs per day X no of years person has smoked
20 cigs in one pack
What is the 5As model used for and what are they?
Smoking cessation
- Ask
- Advise
- Assess
- Assist
- Arrange (follow up)
What is the ABC model for smoking cessation?
A = ask B = brief advice C = cessation support
What tools can be used to screen alcohol abuse?
- CAGE
- -> thought about Cutting down?
- -> Annoyed at criticism?
- -> do you feel Guilty?
- -> Early morning drink?
- FAST
- -> questionnaire
Define INVERSE CARE LAW
Those who need care the most are least likely to access it
What is the protocol with a suspected patient suffering from domestic violence?
AVDR
- Ask
- Validate (take blame away from victim)
- Document
- Refer
What is the legal limit for alcohol in system when driving?
5mg/100ml
What is the recommended alcohol consumption limit in a week?
14 units over 3 or more days (a week)
- with 2 consecutive alcohol-free days
MEN & WOMEN
How is alcohol units calculated?
(ml x ABV)/ 1,000
What are the 4 pillars of ethics?
- Non-maleficence
- Benevolence
- Justice
- Pt autonomy
What are the stages of behavioural change?
- Pre-contemplation
- Contemplation
- Preparation
- Action
- Maintenance + progression
Relapse may occur at any stage
