ML AI

Question 1

what is machine learning?

Answer 1

the use and development of computer systems with ability to learn and discover patterns in data

Question 2

wha is broadcasting?

Answer 2

numpy feature that enables mathematical operations to be applied to arrays of different sizes

Question 3

what is classification?

Answer 3

one of two classes of methods in supervised learning, where the label is a categorical value

Question 4

what are the two types of classification?

Answer 4

binary and multi-class

Question 5

what is a dataframe?

Answer 5

a data table or spreadsheet with row and column headers

Question 6

what are features?

Answer 6

input variables which are predictive data elements

Question 7

what is generalization?

Answer 7

a model’s ability to adapt to new, previously unseen data

Question 8

what are heuristics?

Answer 8

a way of solving problems where the objective is to produce a solution within a reasonable time frame

Question 9

what is a label?

Answer 9

in supervised learning, the “answer”

Question 10

what is regression?

Answer 10

another method of supervised learning, where the label is any real valued number

Question 11

what is unsupervised learning?

Answer 11

a class of machine learning problems in which labeled data are not available

Question 12

what is artificial intelligence?

Answer 12

a broad, all encompassing term that captures the research and implementation of systems that are capable of performing tasks intelligently.

Question 13

what is deep learning?

Answer 13

a subset of machine learning that uses a special type of ml model, neural networks, as its underlying algorithm

Question 14

what is a data matrix?

Answer 14

consists of a collection of examples that are either labeled or unlabeled.

Question 15

what does regression predict?

Answer 15

continuous numbers

Question 16

what does classification predict?

Answer 16

predicts categorical values

Question 17

what does supervised learning attempt to discover?

Answer 17

the relationship between features and an associated label for prediction

Question 18

what does unsupervised learning attempt to discover?

Answer 18

patterns in data without the use of training data containing labeled examples

Question 19

what is clustering?

Answer 19

an unsupervised learning technique that groups subsets of data that are collectively similar to one another based on the similarity of their feature values

Question 20

what is a binary classification problem?

Answer 20

when the label we are trying to predict belongs to only two possible distinct values

Question 21

what is a multi-class classification problem?

Answer 21

when the label we are trying to predict belongs to multiple distinct values

Question 22

what is a regression problem?

Answer 22

when the label we are trying to predict belongs to a real number

Question 23

what is cd?

Answer 23

change directory command

Question 24

what is pwd?

Answer 24

present working directory

Question 25

what is ls?

Answer 25

lists filed and directories

Question 26

what is mkdir?

Answer 26

make directory command

Question 27

what are the ml python packages?

Answer 27

numpy, pandas, matplotlib, seaborn, and sci-kit learn

Question 28

how do i define a python list?

Answer 28

listed = [1,2,3]

Question 29

how do i define a range?

Answer 29

range = range(0, 6, 2)

Question 30

how do i define a numpy range?

Answer 30

range = np.arange(0, 6, 2)

Question 31

how do i define a list comprehension to square the numbers in a list?

Answer 31

list = [1, 2, 3 , 4] squared = [x**2 for x in list]

Question 32

what does np.shape() return?

Answer 32

the dimensions of a numpy array

Question 33

how would i create a two dimensional numpy array?

Answer 33

np.array([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])

Question 34

how do i create an identity array?

Answer 34

np.eye(5)

Question 35

how would i create a matrix with 13 rows and 3 columns containing random numbers?

Answer 35

random = np.round(np.random.rand(13, 3), 2)

Question 36

what do we use np.any() for?

Answer 36

to determine if there is any element in a numpy array that is true

Question 37

how would i create a dataframe using a dictionary?

Answer 37

df = pd.DataFrame({'country': ['+1', '+2'], 'phone': ['amy', 'brian']})

Question 38

how do i create a new column in a dataframe?

Answer 38

create a list of your values and then setting it like we would a dictionary: df['values'] = [1, 2, 3, 4]

Question 39

what does df.sort_values() do?

Answer 39

sorts a DataFrame by the specified column

Question 40

what does pd.concat do? ex: pd.concat([df2, df])

Answer 40

it will append one dataframe to another

Question 41

how do we rename a column?

Answer 41

df2.rename(columns = {'country': 'country_code'})