Module 1: Microbiologists

Question 1

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke

Answer 1

First to observe microbes
Worked at same time, but not together
AvL looked at microbes
H looked at fungal structures (not individual cells)

Question 2

Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)

Answer 2

The Father of Microbiology
- Biogenic Origin of Microbes (disproved spontaneous generation of life)
- Sterilization and Pasteurization
- Fermentation
Vaccines (Esp. rabies, fowl cholera and anthrax vaccine)

Question 3

Edward Jenner (1749-1823)

Answer 3

Smallpox vaccine

Progressed vaccinations/immunology

Question 4

Joseph Lister (1827-1912)

Answer 4

Surgeon - developed aseptic technique using phenol

Question 5

Robert Koch (1843-1910)

Answer 5

Germ Theory of Disease
Koch’s postulates of disease
Developed solid media (agar plates) and isolated poor cultures)

Question 6

Dimitri Ivanowski (1864-1920)

Answer 6

Discovered visuses (tobacco mosaic virus on diseased tobacco plant) in 1892

Question 7

Martinus Beijerink (1851-1931)

Answer 7

Showed intracellular growth (that they could infect and grow inside other organisms) by viruses and microbial basis of major processes in biogeochemical cycles (e.g. nitrogen fixation)

Question 8

Sergei Winogradsky (1856-1953)

Answer 8

Chemolithotrophy (process of microbes getting energy from inorganic compounds - S, metals etc)
Biogeochemical cycles

Question 9

Alexander Fleming

Answer 9

1929 - Penicillin

Expanded on by Selman Waksman - discovered more antibiotics

Question 10

Carl Woese (1928-2012)

Answer 10

Discovered Archaea - devised three domain phylogenetic tree

First to use molecular sequencing to classify organisms