Multiple Sclerosis

Question 1

Define multiple sclerosis.

Answer 1

Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating condition of the CNS, resulting in focal neurological deficits

Question 2

What is the incidence of MS in Scotland?

And in Lanarkshire?

Answer 2

1 in 600 (highest in the world)

1 in 421

Question 3

What is MS caused by? (3)

Answer 3

Idiopathic
Genetic predisposition
Viral trigger (e.g. EBV)

Question 4

List 2 risk factors for MS.

Answer 4

Vitamin D deficiency

Smoking

Question 5

Describe the pathophysiology of MS. (2)

Answer 5

1. Demyelination results in loss of neurological function, e.g.
   a. Weak legs
   b. Visual loss
   c. Urinary incontinence
2. Neurological deficits usually develop gradually, last for longer than 24 hours then improve over days-weeks
   a. Over time, full recovery is no longer achieved