EXCI 352 > Need analysis > Flashcards

Need analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

how do we assess an athlete profil

A

Evaluating the Training Status
Evaluating the Injury Status
Physical Testing & Evaluation
Determining the Primary Exercise Training Goal

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2
Q

What are the 2 stages of the Needs Analysis?

A
  1. Evaluating the requirements and characteristics of sport
  2. Assessment of the athlete
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3
Q

How do we evaluate the requirements and characteristics of the sport?

A
  1. movement analysis (Body & limb movement patterns & muscular involvement.)
  2. Physiological analysis
    (Cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, hypertrophy, body composition, flexibility, speed, speed endurance, power, agility, balance, and reaction time priorities.)
  3. Injury analysis: (Common joint & muscle injury sites & causative factors)
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4
Q

Describe assessment of athlete

A

Profile the athlete’s needs & goals by:
- Evaluating the Training Status
- Evaluating the Injury Status
- Physical Testing & Evaluation
- Determining the Primary Exercise Training Goal

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5
Q

What does a training status include?

A

is defined as an athlete’s current condition or level of preparedness to begin a new or revised program.
includes:
An evaluation of any current or previous injuries,
Training background or exercise history.

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6
Q

An assessment of the athlete’s training background should examine the:

A
  • Type of training program,
  • Length of recent regular participation in previous training program(s),
  • Level of intensity involved in previous training program(s)
  • Degree of exercise technique experience.
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7
Q

Describe the injury status.

A

Evaluation is performed by a sports medicine professional.
Current or previous injuries.

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8
Q

What are the types of injury?

A
  1. Contact Injuries
    Traumatic injury resulting from contact.
  2. Acute Non-Contact Injuries
    Musculoskeletal damage following non-contact activities.
  3. Chronic Non-Contact Injuries
    - Overuse injuries.
    - Continued or repetitive actions/loading in excess of an athlete’s physical tolerance.
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9
Q

What are contact injuries?

A

Bone fracture
Joint dislocation
Joint subluxation
Ligament sprain
Muscle strain
Muscle contusion
Tendon tear
Traumatic bursitis
Head injury
Skin laceration
Skin abrasion

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10
Q

What are overuse injuries?

A

Blisters
Bursitis
Iliotibial band syndrome
Patellofemoral syndrome
Plantar fasciitis
Shin splints
Stress fractures
Tendonitis (tendinitis)

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11
Q
A
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12
Q

what is included in training status

A

an evaluation of any current or previous injury
training background or exercise history

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13
Q

An assessment of the athlete’s training background should examine the:

A

Type of training program,
Length of recent regular participation in previous training program(s),
Level of intensity involved in previous training program(s), &
Degree of exercise technique experience

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14
Q

in physical testing and evaluation the test selected should be

A

related to the athlete’s sport,
consistent with the athlete’s level of skill, &
realistically based on the equipment available

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15
Q

what do we use to select test use in physical testing and what do we with it

A
  • result of movement analysis to select tests
  • After testing, compare results with normative or descriptive data to determine the athlete’s strengths and weaknesses.
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16
Q

primary exercise training goal is determine by the

A
  • Athlete’s test results,
  • Movement & physiological analysis of the sport
  • Priorities of the athlete’s sport season.
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17
Q

What are dependant factors of soccer?

A

Technical
Tactical
Physical
Physiological
Mental

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18
Q

Understand the systems of play

A
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19
Q

What is the effect of playing formation on physical performance in soccer?

A

Playing Formation
is a tactical factor in soccer.
does not influence the overall activity profile of players, with the exception of attackers in a 4-3-3 formation, who perform 30% more high intensity running than attackers in 4-4-2 or 4-5-1 formations.

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20
Q

What are possible shapes that organizing midfield players in 4-4-2?

A
  • 3-1 shape
  • bowl shape
  • diamond shape
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21
Q

What is Fifa’s law 11- The offside rule?

A

It is not an offence to be in an offside position.
A player is in an offside position if:
- any part of the head, body, or feet is in the opponents’ half (excluding the halfway line) and
- any part of the head, body, or feet is nearer to the opponents’ goal line
than both the ball and the second-last opponent.
- The hands and arms of all players, including the goalkeepers, are not considered.

For the purposes of determining offside, the upper boundary of the arm is in line with the bottom of the armpit.
A player is not in an offside position if level with the second-last opponent or last two opponents.

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22
Q

when do resistance training is high and low in the season

A

off-season high, low in season

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23
Q

what influence physical performance in soccer

A

match statut: players perform significantly less high intensity activity when winning than when losing or drawing.

quality of opposition: total distance and high intensity running is higher against ‘better’ opposition than against ‘weaker’ opponents

match location: home teams cover greater distances compared with away teams

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24
Q

what is the minimum length (length of touchline) and maximum length of soccer field

A

min; 90 max: 120 m

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25
What is the width (length of goal line) ?
min: 45 m max: 90 m
26
What can we say about the length of touchline and goal line?
The touchline must be longer than the goal line. Competitions may determine the length of the goal line and touchline within the above dimensions.
27
What about international matches?
length (length of touchline) Min: 100 m Max: 110 m Width(length of goaline) Min: 64 m Max: 75 m Competitions may determine the length of the goal line and touchline within the above dimensions.
28
What are the number of players?
Max: 11 players 10 field players + 1 goal keeper Min: 7 players on the field
29
What is the number of substitution?
The number of substitutes, up to a maximum of 5, which may be used in any match played in an official competition will be determined by FIFA, the confederation or the national football association.
30
What happens to the number of substitutions for men's and women's competitions involving the 1st teams of clubs in the top division or senior ‘A’ international teams where competition rules permit a maximum of 5 substitutes to be used, ?
- has a maximum of 3 substitution opportunities* - may additionally make substitutions at half-time.
31
Where both teams make a substitution at the same time, this will count as a used___?
substitution opportunity for both teams
32
Multiple substitutions (and requests) by a team during the same stoppage in play count as __?
one used substitution opportunity.
33
What is Extra time?
- If a team has not used the maximum number of substitutes and/or substitution opportunities, any unused substitutes and substitution opportunities may be used in extra time. - Where competition rules permit teams to use one additional substitute in extra time, each team will have one additional substitution opportunity. -Substitutions may also be made in the period between full-time and the start of extra time, and at half-time in extra time – these do not count as used substitution opportunities.
34
The competition rule must state?
- how many substitutes may be named, from 3 to a maximum of 15, - whether one additional substitute may be used when a match goes into extra time (whether or not the team has already used the full number of permitted substitutes).
35
What is the match duration?
- Two equal halves of 45 minutes = 90 minutes. - Half-time interval must not exceed 15 minutes.
36
Allowance is made by the referee in each half for all playing time lost in that half through? (the reasons are...)
1. substitutions, 2. assessment and/or removal of injured players, wasting time, 3. disciplinary sanctions, 4. medical stoppages permitted by competition rules (e.g., drink breaks ≤ 1 min), cooling’ breaks (90 s to 3 min) 5. delays relating to Video Assistant Referee (VAR) ‘checks’ and ‘reviews,’ 6. goal celebrations 7. any other cause, including any significant delay to a restart (e.g., due to interference by an outside agent).
37
What are distances covered at the top level?
Distances covered at the top level: Field players – 10 to 12 km. Goalkeeper – 4 km.
38
which position in soccer run the longest distance
midfield
39
Professional vs non-pro running distance?
Professional players run longer distances than non- professionals.
40
How is the 2nd half compared to the 1st half?
2nd half compared to the 1st half: - The exercise intensity is decreased. - The distance covered is 5 to 10% less.
41
What is the relative distance covered by players in outfield positions according to categories of activity?
Jog (36%) > Walk (24%) > Cruise (20%) > Sprint (11%) > Move back (7%) > With ball (2%)
42
what occurs approximately every 90s in soccer
sprint bout.. each lasting an average of 2-4 s
43
What does sprinting consists of?
Sprinting constitutes 1-11% of the total distance covered during a game, which corresponds to 0.5 to 3.0% of effective play time.
44
96% of the sprint bouts during a game are ?
< 30 m
45
49% of the sprint bouts during a game are?
< 10 m
46
place sprinting time in order from most to less time with position in soccer
fullback, attacker > midfield > central defender
46
Fullback sprinting time? Midfielder sprinting time?
Fullbacks - sprinted 2.5 x longer than central-defenders. Midfielders - sprinted 1.6 to 1.7 x longer than central-defenders.
46
The overall distance covered per game according to positional role?
Midfielders > full backers > strikers > centrebacks > goalkeeper
47
What is the Endurance context of the game?
Each player performs 1000-1400 mainly short activities changing every 4-6 s.
48
average work intensity in soccer
btw 80-90% HRmax, close to anaerobic metabolism
49
place the overall distance covered per game according to position in soccer
1. midfield 2. striker 3.fullback 4.centreback goalkeeper
50
What are some activities performed during a soccer game?
1. Sprints: 10-20 (#) 2. High-intensity running: every 70 s. 3. Tackles: ~15 4. Headings: 10 5. Involvements of the ball: 50 6. passes: 30 7. changing pace: - 8. sustaining forceful contractions to maintain balance and control of the ball against defensive pressure: --
51
What are fitness components important to soccer?
- Health- related - Skill-related
52
What do we find in the health-related component?
- Cardiorespiratory Endurance - Muscle Strength - Muscle Endurance
53
What do we find in the skill-related component?
- Power - Speed - Agility (involves deception) - Reaction Time
54
What are skills critical to soccer?
1. Turning 2. Sprinting – accounts for ~1% of total game time. 3. Changing Pace
55
What are the energy systems involved in soccer?
- aerobic metabolism - anaerobic metabolism
56
What is the physiological profile for soccer (Vo2 max + anaerobic threshold) ?
Vo2 max: - Adult male field players: 50 to 75 ml·kg-1·min-1 - Adult female field players: 38.6 to 57.6 ml·kg-1·min-1 - Adult male goalkeepers: 50 to 55 ml·kg-1·min-1 Anerobic threshold: - adult male players: 76.6 to 90.3% HRmax
57
What are the 4 types of soccer injuries?
- Non-contact injuries - the magnitude of non-contact injuries: represents between 26%-59% of all injuries - 34% of all lower extremity injuries could be classified as overuse injuries - Reoccurring injuries (same type and location) have been shown to account for 20-27% of all injuries *most injuries in soccer are in lower-body*
58
What are the soccer injuries?
- Between 61% and 90% of all injuries occur in the lower extremities: Hip, groin, upper leg, knee, lower leg, ankle, and foot - The most injured anatomical regions are: Ankle, knee, upper leg, groin, and hip - The most common types of injury sustained in soccer are strains, sprains and contusions, representing 41%, 20%, and 20% of all injuries, respectively -A total of 81% of all upper leg injuries were muscular strains -Significantly more (64%) injuries are sustained to the hamstring muscles compared with the quadriceps muscles ( important to look at muscle imbalances: May see quad muscles are more stronger that hamstrings: need to provide training that will balance both sides. 3:2 ratio). so for upper leg injuries: hamstrings**
59
What is the most common mechanisms of contact injuries?
Tackling (4–40%) (some hamstring injuries come from tackling, ca overstretch them) Being tackled (15–23%)
60
What is the most common mechanisms of non-contact injuries?
Running (19%), Turning (8%) Shooting (4%) Landing (4%)
61
What are most commonly injured sites for male soccer players?
Ankle (20%) Upper leg (17%) Knee (15%)
62
What are most commonly injured sites for female soccer players?
Knee (24%) (women have more laxity in their knees*) Ankle (21%) Upper leg (16%)
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