comp sci > network protocols > Flashcards

network protocols Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

what does FTP stand for

A

File Transfer Protocol

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2
Q

what is the main aim of the FTP

A

moves files between 2 devices

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3
Q

what ‘application’ is the FTP

A

client server application

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4
Q

what happens in the ‘client’ side of the FTP

A
  • runs FTP client software
  • responsible for initiation of all connections
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5
Q

what happens in the ‘server’ side of the FTP

A
  • runs FTP server
  • has access to disk space to store files
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6
Q

examples of where FTP will be used

A
  • download music files / piece of software
  • upload video clips to be embedded in a web page
  • create web pages on your own computer and upload the files to a web server
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7
Q

what is step 1 for the FTP

A

user requests to connect to FTP server and provides username and password

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8
Q

what is step 2 for the FTP

A

once connected, user types dir and gets a directory listing from the server (shows a single file)

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9
Q

what is step 3 for the FTP

A

finally, the user types ‘puzzle1.txt’ and requests the file from the server
the file is transferred to the users computer

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10
Q

what does HTTP stand for

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol

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11
Q

what is the main aim for HTTP

A

communication over the internet between a HTTP client and HTTP server

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12
Q

what is HyperText

A

system of linked pages

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13
Q

what ‘architecture’ is HTTP

A

client - server architecture

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14
Q

what messages types does HTTP use

A

GET, HEAD, POST, PUT, DELETE

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15
Q

what does GET do (HTTP)

A

requests a resource from the server (eg a web page)

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16
Q

what does HEAD do (HTTP)

A

requests just the header of the data (metadata) from the server

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17
Q

what does POST do (HTTP)

A

sends data to the server from a web form

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18
Q

what does PUT do (HTTP)

A

sends data to the server to be uploaded as a resource (eg uploading a photo)

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19
Q

what does DELETE do (HTTP)

A

tells the server to delete a resource (eg deleting a photo)

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20
Q

what is the ‘client’ in the HTTP

A

the web browser on your device

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21
Q

what does the ‘client’ do in HTTP

A
  • requests web pages and linked resources from the web server
  • can send limited data back to web server as user interacts with web page
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22
Q

what is step 1 in HTTP

A

server waits and listens for requests

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23
Q

what is step 2 in HTTP

A

client sends HTTP request for a web page to the server

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24
Q

what is step 3 in HTTP

Study These Flashcards
A

server receives request

25
what is step 4 in HTTP
server sends HTTP response which encapsulates requested page
26
what is step 5 in HTTP
client receives response and displays the web page in web browser
27
what does HTTPS stand for
HTTP secure
28
what is the main aim of HTTPS
- its a secure HTTP - it encrypts data exchanged between client and server - it provides a digital certificate containing public encryption key
29
what is the step 1 (in addition to normal HTTP) in HTTPS
authenticity of certificate is checked automatically in browser through root certificates administered by certification authorities
30
what is step 2 (in addition to normal HTTP) in HTTPS
once secure link is established using these keys, other encryption systems can be negotiated to handle the bulk of the transfer
31
what does POP3 stand for
Post Office Protocol
32
what is the main aim of POP3
to retrieve emails
33
what does POP3 do
downloads emails onto the client device and deletes emails from the server
34
what protocol does POP3 work with
IMAP
35
what does IMAP stand for
Internet Message Access Protocol
36
what does IMAP do
creates copies on local client device synchronises any deletion on both client and server
37
what does SMTP stand for
simple mail transfer protocol
38
when is SMTP used
used when sending emails
39
what does SMTP do
transfers the email from client device to linked mail server
40
what does SMTP do when the mail recipient is on a different domain
it is used to forward email onto recipients mail server
41
what does a domain refer to in SMTP
email provider
42
what does SSH stand for
secure shell
43
what does SSH provide
provides encrypted connection for remote access to another computer
44
what does SSH do
encrypts messages sent between SSH client and SSH server
45
who is SSH commonly used by
network administrators who need to: - access remote devices to start and stop services - perform software upgrades - carry out other tasks
46
what must you have to connect to another computer using SSH
- an account on the computer you are trying to connect to - sufficient administrative rights to carry out some operations
47
what are the 2 ways you can sign in to a remote computer via SSH
1. use command line or terminal of your operating system; you can type command to SSH into the remote device 2. use a GUI based SSH client (eg PUTTY)
48
what is a protocol
a set of rules that determine how 2 devices will communicate
49
what does TCP / IP stand for
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
50
what are the 4 layers of the TCP / IP protocol
application transport internet link
51
what does the APPLICATION layer do
contains different protocols that manage communication between different types of programs
52
what does the TRANSPORT layer do
accepts messages from the application layer as application data
53
what does the INTERNET layer do
receives segments from transport layer puts them in a suitable package to be routed across the internet to their destination
54
what does the LINK layer do
- best route for IP package is determined - package is encapsulated into a different sort of frame suitable for a specific type of link
55
what is a MAC address
unique identifier given to a network interface card NIC
56
what does MAC stand for
medium access control
57
what is a socket in TCP / IP
the TCP end point a combination of an IP address and a port number
58
what is a port in TCP / IP and routing packets
transport layer must pass data to correct application layer service - each request is allocated a port number so data can be returned to correct place
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