evaluates fetal size/maturity, checks for pelvic masses/uterine tumours
ultrasound
freezing of tissues to destroy them
cryosurgery
surgical puncture of amniotic sac
amniocentesis
removal of fetus by abdominal incision into uterus
cesarean section
removal of cone-shaped section of cervix for analysis
cone biopsy
widening of cervical canal and scraping of uterus lining
dilatation and curettage
xray of breast
mammogram
removal of breast tissue to examine lump/mass for malignancy
breast biopsy
surgical removal of uterus
hysterectomy
blocking of uterine tubes by burning/cutting/tying off to permanently sterilize
tubal ligation
incision in vulvar area to facilitate with childbirth
episiotomy