Stain used to detect Cryptosporidium and Isospora
Modified acid fast stain
Most commonly used stain for Fecal Smear
Trichome stain ( Wheatley or Gomori )
In modified trichome stain, microsporidia stain pink and the background is green
WEBER GREEN STAIN
In modified trichome stain, microsporidia is stained pibk and the background is blue
Ryan blue stain
Cyst: 4 nuclei with no peripheral chromatin; Cytoplasm is retracted from the cyst wall and may contain 2-4 comma shaped, median bodies
Troph: Motile and pear shaped, 2 oval nuclei w/o peripheral chrom, 4pairs flagella, 2 median bodies, 2 axonemes & a sucking disk
GARDIA LAMBLIA
Troph: 1 nucleus, Cytoplasm is finely granukar and may contain RBC inclusions
Cyst: 1-4 nuclei, chromatin is fine and uniformly distributed, central karyosome, chromatoidal bars w/round ends
E.HYSTOLITICA
Agent of Travellers Diarrhea
GIARDIA LAMBLIA
4 anterior flagella
Short undulating membrane
Jerky tumbling motility
Prominent siderophils
TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS
American trypanosomes
TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI
Vector of Trypanosoma cruzi which causes Chaga Dse
REDUVIID BUG
KISSING BUG
ASSASSIN BUG
Loeffler’s Syndrome
Disease of Poverty
A.LUMBRICOIDES
Whipworm
Causes rectal prolapse, bloody dia, anemia
Lives in Li
Barrel / Football shaped w/ reftractile Bipolar plugs
T.TRICHIURA
Pinworm/ Seatworm; Lives in LI
Pruritis Ani, Perianal itching, Disease of Civilization; Cephalic alae/ Lateral wings
“D shape” ova
ENTEROBIUS VERMICULARIS
Pudoc’s worm
Mystery Dse, Borborygmous
Flat Bipolar End, Striated end
PEANUT SHAPE/ GUITAR SHAPE
C. PHILIPPINENSIS
Thread worm
Cochin China Dse, Vietnam Diarrhea
Honeycomb appearance of the Intestinal mucosa
S. STERCORALIS
Trichina worm/ Muscle worm
Ingestion of encysted larvae in undercooked pork
“DEAD END VALLEY”
Bachmann Intradermal, Becks Test
TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS
Rat Lungworm Eosinophilic meningoencephalitis IH: Slugs. snails & Achatina fulica NH: Rattus rattus Male: Dev kidney- shaped caudal bur Female: Urine tubules "Barber's pole" App
ANGIOSTRONGYLUS CANTONENSIS
Guinea worm, Worm of medina, Dragon Worm, Fiery Serpent
Adults found in Subcutaneous Tx
DRACUNCULUS MEDINENSIS
Broad fish tapeworm Longest Tapeworm Scolex with 2 shallow, longitudinal grooves (brothia) Uterus: Rosette app Genital pore: center of proglottid
D.LATUM
Vampirolepsis nana, Dwarf Tapeworm
Most common tapeworm
Eggs: Polar filaments/ thickenings
Scolex: Armed
HYMENOLEPSIS NANA
Rat tape worm
Unarmed rostellum
Eggs: W/o polar filaments
HYMENOLEPID DIMINUTA
Cucumber tapeworm/ Double pored IH: fleas, bettles ( Embryonated egg) DH: dog, Cat (Cystecercoid larva) Mot: ingestion of infected flea 2 genital pores, scolex has rhomboid with 4 suckers and apical rostellum (4-6crowns of hooks)
DIPYLIDIUM CANINUM
Hydatid Form Unilocullar echinococcosis, Echinococcus disease or Hydatid disease IH: Man DH: Dogs Infective stage: Eggs Casoni skin test
ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS
All Trematodes are Hermaphroditic, have operculated eggs, Requies 2nd IH, MOT is Ingestion and Infective stage is Metacarcaria… EXCEPT?
SCHISTOSOMA
