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Flashcards in Peds - Exam One Deck (37)
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1
Q

Fetus

A

9 weeks to birth

2
Q

Neonate

A

Birth to 4 weeks

3
Q

Infant

A

4 weeks to 1 year

4
Q

Toddler

A

1 to 3 years old

5
Q

Preschool

A

3 to 6 years old

6
Q

School-age

A

6 to 12 years old

7
Q

Adolescent

A

12 to 18 years old

8
Q

How many hours of sleep are required for each age group?

A

Neonates: 8-9 hrs with naps

2 yr old: 10 hrs with 1 nap

7 yr old: 11-13 hrs and rarely has daytime nap

9
Q

What is the best intervention for losing teeth?

A

If trauma is the cause, tooth should be immersed in milk and brought with child asap to dentist. Take care of deciduous teeth even though they are lost later. 1yr old and older should have toothbrushes. Supervision of brushing until 7 yrs old

10
Q

What should a child see the dentist for the first time?

A

Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends appt by 1 year old but majority happens around 2-3 years old

11
Q

What is a side effect of too much vitamin C?

A

Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, heartburn, abdominal bloating and cramps, headache, insomnia, kidney stones.

12
Q

Is massage therapy good for all children?

A

Yes

13
Q

What is accupressure?

A

Uses finger pressure and massage on the meridian sites rather than needles

14
Q

Dysfunctional families deal with what type of problems?

A

doesn’t provide for optimum physical, psychological, and emotional health of the children. Doesn’t know how to be successful in its efforts and interactions and requires intervention.

15
Q

What is dyslexia?

A

“Difficult and Diction”- is a ready disability that involves a defect in the cortex of the brain that processes graphic symbols.

16
Q

What is a negative aspect of stimulants? (amphetamines, cocaine)

A

hyperactivity, insomnia,paranoia, personality change, irritability, restlessness, occasional depression or paranoia.

17
Q

Therapeutic play can allow children to what?

A

Express themselves by playing with other kids

18
Q

Hospitalization should still have a scheduled routine?

A

as much as possible but very hard since every family has their own schedule plus sounds and smells make it difficult

19
Q

What is anorexia nervosa?

A

form of self-starvation seen mostly in adolescent girls. Only 10 % are males.

20
Q

What is bulimia?

A

Binge eating d/o

Compulsive eating

21
Q

How does alcoholism effect family members?

A

Offer mixed messages about alcohol use to their chidlren

Effects all members of the family!

FLIGHT, FIGHT, PERFECT CHILD, SAVIOR (Coping skills of children of alcoholics)

22
Q

What is a learning disability?

A

Educational term- receptive language, expressive language, information processing, memory, motor coordination, orientation, behavioral problems

23
Q

What types of information is included in a developmental history?

A

Family Hx, structure(family), developmental tasks, family characteristics, family stressors, environment, family support systems

24
Q

Can a 2 year old be addicted to opiates?

A

Very rare in children since dose should be repeated before the pain recurs. If pain comes back without steady dose of meds, more med will be given to stop pain

25
Q

What is a transitional object?

A

Promotes security

Items like blankets or a favorite toy

26
Q

Emigrants from Russia see smiling as?

A

Happiness and is inappropriate in a serious or bad situation

27
Q

Should siblings be allowed to see their brother or sister in the hospital?

A

Yes - helps reduce the stress of the patient

Siblings experience loneliness, jealousy, guilt, fear, or anger

28
Q

Separation anxiety is very real at what age?

A

Begins around 4-8 months of age. Infants will protest when separated from parents

29
Q

What opportunities do computer games provide?

A

Can foster problem solving, cognitive development, and motor coordination should be balanced with active play activities

30
Q

What is ordinal position?

A

Whether the child is the toungest, middle, or oldest. “Rank in family”

31
Q

What types of play are there with children?

A

Explore/imitate-infants. Parallel play-1/2 yr old. Cooperative play/Creative play-3-5 yrs old. Symbolic group play/secret clubs- 5-7 yrs old. Competitive play- 7-10 yrs old. Groupd sports/computer/electronic play- 10-13 yrs old. Fantasy play/cliques- 13-18 yrs old.

32
Q

How long should a child be on formula or breast milk?

A

6 months to 1 year

33
Q

What assessment findings will you see in a well nourished child?

A

steady gains in height and weight, alert, shiny hair, no fatigue circles under eyes, normal skin color, flat abdomen, erect posture, well-developed muscles, firm and pink mouth and gum mucous membranes, no mouth or tongue lesions, teeth that erupt on schedule, good appetite and eliminate regularly, sleep well at night with energy and vitality without irritability.

34
Q

Permanent teeth erupt at what age?

A

6 yrs old (through the gums. Develop just before birth and during the first yr of life)

35
Q

How many teeth should a 1 year old have?

A

About 6 teeth (4 on top, 2 on bottom)

ATI says 6-8 teeth

36
Q

If a child weighed 7 lbs 8 oz at birth, how much should they weigh at 6 months?

A

5-10% of birth weight is lost by age 3/4 days. But regains by 10-12 days. Birth weight usually doubles by age 5-6 months and triples by age of 1 yr old.

37
Q

How do children develop?

A

Cephalocaudal-head to toe /Proximodistal-from midline to periphery