Pharmacology - Diabetes Flashcards
There are four diagnostic test that can be done to check glucose levels:
Fasting blood glucose levels
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) this is the approved test for the diagnosis of diabetes
Oral glucose tolerance test
Random blood glucose test
Normal fasting blood glucose levels should be between ________ and ________
4 mmol/L and 7 mmol/L
There are three types of Diabetes:
Type 1
Type 2
Gestational Diabetes
What is type 1 diabetes?
insulin dependant
What is type 2 diabetes?
The pancreas still produces insulin, but not enough
What percentage of people have type 1 diabetes?
8%
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes:
Blurred vision Constant hunger Diabetic ketoacidosis Extreme fatigue Frequent urination Hyperglycemia Increased thirst Weight loss
Rapid Acting Insulin:
Humalog, NovoRapid, Apidra
Short Acting Insulin:
Humilin R
Intermediate Acting Insulin:
Humulin N, Novolin GE NPH, Novolin Toronto
Long Acting Insulin:
Lantus, Levemir
Why is it important to rotate insulin injection sites?
to avoid fatty lumps forming under the skin, avoid scar tissue
Where does insulin have to be stored?
In the fridge, and must be discarded (if opened) in 1 month
What are some triggers of type 2 diabetes?
unhealthy weight, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating, high blood pressure and high cholesterol
Symptoms of type 2 diabetes:
Blurred vision Fatigue Frequent urination Hunger Hyperglycemia Increased thirst Slow wound healing Weight loss
